AAA59172.1
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UniProt Primary Accession #
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
NCBI Official Full Name
insulin
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
insulin
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols
IDDM; ILPR; IRDN; IDDM1; IDDM2; MODY10 [Similar Products]
NCBI Protein Information
insulin
UniProt Protein Name
Insulin
UniProt Entry Name
INS_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for INS
After removal of the precursor signal peptide, proinsulin is post-translationally cleaved into three peptides: the B chain and A chain peptides, which are covalently linked via two disulfide bonds to form insulin, and C-peptide. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. A multitude of mutant alleles with phenotypic effects have been identified. There is a read-through gene, INS-IGF2, which overlaps with this gene at the 5' region and with the IGF2 gene at the 3' region. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
UniProt Comments for INS
Insulin: Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds. Belongs to the insulin family.
Protein type: Hormone; Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11p15.5
Cellular Component: extracellular space; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; Golgi lumen; extracellular region
Molecular Function: identical protein binding; insulin-like growth factor receptor binding; protein binding; protease binding; hormone activity; insulin receptor binding
Biological Process: positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; glucose homeostasis; positive regulation of vasodilation; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; negative regulation of protein oligomerization; positive regulation of glucose import; regulation of protein localization; cell-cell signaling; negative regulation of gluconeogenesis; acute-phase response; regulation of transmembrane transporter activity; negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity; positive regulation of mitosis; activation of protein kinase B; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; negative regulation of acute inflammatory response; glucose metabolic process; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of protein amino acid autophosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; negative regulation of protein catabolic process; regulation of amino acid metabolic process; positive regulation of cell differentiation; negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process; wound healing; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; glucose transport; regulation of protein secretion; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; negative regulation of vasodilation; positive regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of proteolysis; negative regulation of protein secretion; MAPKKK cascade; alpha-beta T cell activation; negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process; endocrine pancreas development; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; cellular protein metabolic process; fatty acid homeostasis; positive regulation of glycolysis; insulin receptor signaling pathway; energy reserve metabolic process; positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; regulation of insulin secretion; positive regulation of DNA replication; positive regulation of cytokine secretion; positive regulation of cell migration
Disease: Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-dependent, 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Permanent Neonatal; Hyperproinsulinemia; Maturity-onset Diabetes Of The Young, Type 10
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Products associated with anti-INS antibody
Pathways associated with anti-INS antibody
Diseases associated with anti-INS antibody
Organs/Tissues associated with anti-INS antibody
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