NP_078901
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NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #
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UniProt Primary Accession #
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
Molecular Weight
18,586 Da
NCBI Official Full Name
zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral protein 1 isoform 2
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
zinc finger CCCH-type, antiviral 1
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols
ZAP; ZC3H2; ARTD13; PARP13; FLB6421; ZC3HDC2 [Similar Products]
NCBI Protein Information
zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral protein 1; zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 2; ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 13
UniProt Protein Name
Zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral protein 1
UniProt Synonym Protein Names
ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 13; ARTD13; Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 2; Zinc finger antiviral protein; ZAP
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
UniProt Entry Name
ZCCHV_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for ZC3HAV1
This gene encodes a CCCH-type zinc finger protein that is thought to prevent infection by retroviruses. Studies of the rat homolog indicate that the protein may primarily function to inhibit viral gene expression and induce an innate immunity to viral infection. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two variants, each encoding distinct isoforms, are described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Comments for ZC3HAV1
ZAP: Antiviral protein which inhibits the replication of viruses by recruiting the cellular RNA degradation machineries to degrade the viral mRNAs. Binds to a ZAP-responsive element (ZRE) present in the target viral mRNA, recruits cellular poly(A)- specific ribonuclease PARN to remove the poly(A) tail, and the 3'- 5' exoribonuclease complex exosome to degrade the RNA body from the 3'-end. It also recruits the decapping complex DCP1-DCP2 through RNA helicase p72 (DDX17) to remove the cap structure of the viral mRNA to initiate its degradation from the 5'-end. Its target viruses belong to families which include retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), moloney and murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) and xenotropic MuLV-related virus (XMRV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), togaviridae: sindbis virus (SINV) and Ross river virus (RRV). Specifically targets the multiply spliced but not unspliced or singly spliced HIV-1 mRNAs for degradation. Isoform 1 is a more potent viral inhibitor than isoform 2. Isoform 2 acts as a positive regulator of DDX58/RIG-I signaling resulting in activation of the downstream effector IRF3 leading to the expression of type I IFNs and IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). 5 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
Protein type: RNA-binding; Transferase
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q34
Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; cytoplasm; nucleus
Molecular Function: protein binding; metal ion binding; NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
Biological Process: positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; negative regulation of viral genome replication; metabolic process; response to virus; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; innate immune response; defense response to virus; positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
Research Articles on ZC3HAV1
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