NP_001231178.1
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NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #
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UniProt Primary Accession #
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
Molecular Weight
35,555 Da
NCBI Official Full Name
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols
APE; APX; APE1; APEN; APEX; HAP1; REF1 [Similar Products]
NCBI Protein Information
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase; DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase; AP lyase; protein REF-1; redox factor-1; AP endonuclease class I; apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1; apurinic/apyrimidinic (abasic) endonuclease; deoxyribonuclease (apurinic or apyrimidinic)
UniProt Protein Name
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase
UniProt Synonym Protein Names
APEX nuclease; APEN; Apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1; AP endonuclease 1; APE-1; REF-1; Redox factor-1Cleaved into the following chain:DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase, mitochondrial
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
APE; APE1; APEX; APX; HAP1; REF1; APEN; AP endonuclease 1; APE-1 [Similar Products]
UniProt Entry Name
APEX1_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for APEX1
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Comments for APEX1
APE1: a multifunctional enzyme that plays a central role in the cellular response to oxidative stress including DNA repair and redox regulation of transcriptional factors. Binds DNA and RNA. Functions as an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, a 3'-5' exoribonuclease for mismatched deoxyribonucleotides at the 3' termini of nicked or gapped DNA molecules, and a DNA 3' phosphodiesterase capable of removing lesions (such as phosphoglycolate) blocking the 3' side of DNA strand breaks. Is a loading factor for POLB onto non-incised AP sites in DNA, stimulates the 5'-terminal deoxyribose 5'- phosphate (dRp) excision activity of POLB, and involved in the DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR). Possesses reversible nuclear redox activity to regulate DNA binding affinity and transcriptional activity of transcriptional factors by controlling the redox status of their DNA-binding domain, such as the FOS/JUN AP-1 complex after exposure to IR. Binds to negative calcium response elements (nCaREs). Stimulates the YBX1-mediated MDR1 promoter activity, when acetylated at Lys-6 and Lys-7, leading to drug resistance. Is an endoribonuclease involved in the control of single-stranded RNA metabolism. Plays a role in regulating MYC mRNA turnover. In association with NMD1, plays a role in the rRNA quality control process during cell cycle progression. Interacts with SIRT1; the interaction is increased in the context of genotoxic stress. Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3; the interactions are not dependent on the APEX1 acetylation status. Up-regulated in presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), like bleomycin, H2O2 and phenazine methosulfate. NPM1 stimulates endodeoxyribonuclease activity on double-stranded DNA with AP sites, but inhibits endoribonuclease activity on single-stranded RNA containing AP sites. Belongs to the DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family.
Protein type: DNA repair, damage; Hydrolase; DNA-binding; Nuclear receptor co-regulator; Nucleolus; EC 4.2.99.18; Lyase; Transcription, coactivator/corepressor; Endoplasmic reticulum; Deoxyribonuclease
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q11.2
Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; centrosome; transcription factor complex; mitochondrion; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; cytoplasm; nucleolus; ribosome; nuclear speck; nucleus
Molecular Function: phosphodiesterase I activity; DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity; uracil DNA N-glycosylase activity; phosphoric diester hydrolase activity; chromatin DNA binding; metal ion binding; transcription coactivator activity; oxidoreductase activity; endodeoxyribonuclease activity; NF-kappaB binding; protein binding; DNA binding; endonuclease activity; protein complex binding; damaged DNA binding; ribonuclease H activity; 3'-5' exonuclease activity; double-stranded DNA specific 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease activity; transcription corepressor activity; site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease activity, specific for altered base
Biological Process: response to drug; mismatch repair; positive regulation of DNA repair; transcription, DNA-dependent; DNA strand elongation during DNA replication; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; DNA repair; regulation of mRNA stability; DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic; double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; base-excision repair; cell redox homeostasis; nucleotide-excision repair; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; double-strand break repair; telomere maintenance via recombination; mitotic cell cycle; nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling; DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic; telomere maintenance; aging
Research Articles on APEX1
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Products associated with anti-APEX1 antibody
Pathways associated with anti-APEX1 antibody
Diseases associated with anti-APEX1 antibody
Organs/Tissues associated with anti-APEX1 antibody
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