{"id":3787,"date":"2019-02-18T15:52:29","date_gmt":"2019-02-18T15:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/?p=3787"},"modified":"2023-03-11T07:46:42","modified_gmt":"2023-03-11T07:46:42","slug":"international-prenatal-infection-prevention-month","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/international-prenatal-infection-prevention-month\/","title":{"rendered":"International Prenatal Infection Prevention Month"},"content":{"rendered":"<table style=\"background-color: #e6e4e3;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"623\">\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 160px;\"><strong><u>Table of Contents<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"#1\"><strong>I. Introduction<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#2\"><strong>II. Routine Prenatal Care<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#3\"><strong>III. Infections during Pregnancy<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nA. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)<br \/>\nB. Group B Strep<br \/>\nC. Listeriosis and Pregnancy<br \/>\nD. Zika Virus<br \/>\n<a href=\"#4\"><strong>IV. Maternal Vaccination as an Effective Way to Prevent Prenatal Infections<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\nA. Tdap (Pertussis)<br \/>\nB. Influenza (Flu)<br \/>\n<a href=\"#5\"><strong>V. Preventing Prenatal Infection<\/strong><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"#6\"><strong>VI. Conclusion<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p id=\"1\">Prenatal infection can occur because of a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-00a52713-5ec6-4270-9203-0a756357b5fa\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacteria<\/span> or virus that is passed onto the infant during pregnancy or at the time of delivery. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-cc7e2f21-0480-4bbc-97ee-d377a7948f10\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/prenatal\">Prenatal<\/span> infection prevention is not only essential for the wellbeing of the infant but also equally important for the protection of the mother. February is the month to raise awareness about prenatal infection and to inform people on how to prevent it. The prenatal infection prevention also offers valuable information to the mothers about nutrition, regular hygiene habits and food handling practices.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"2\">Routine Prenatal Care<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prenatal care is the checkups and screening tests that are important to keep both the mother and the baby healthy during pregnancy. Typically, the routine checkups occur once each month for weeks 4 through 28, twice a month for weeks 28 through 36 and weekly for weeks 36 to birth. The tests used to check the health of the pregnant women and the baby includes testing for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c0de813d-9dad-4ac4-b762-b2d4712c97b9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/anemia\">anemia<\/span>, infections such as <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8b6c3d6f-5a99-4f8d-9818-0c9cadd4c958\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/syphilis\">syphilis<\/span>, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1afeda03-41fc-401d-869c-4134423454e5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hepatitis-b\">hepatitis B<\/span> and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-57dc06ae-ac8a-41ad-ad55-250eba925c5f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span>. Based on the personal and family health, other screenings may also be recommended that detects the risk for possible health problems in the mother and the infant.<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"3\">Infections during Pregnancy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are simple steps that can be taken during pregnancy or if trying to get pregnant that can help protect the unborn child from infections that could cause serious health issues.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cytomegalovirus (CMV)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span id=\"urn:enhancement-015032f0-2a42-4938-b5fd-05d9ec9f03b8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/cmv\">CMV<\/span> is passed through body fluids of infected people and younger children are also likely to have CMV in their saliva and urine. Therefore, it is advised that pregnant women should reduce their contact with young children and babies to lower their risk of getting an infection. An infected mother can pass the CMV to her unborn child during pregnancy. Around one in every 200 infants are born with congenital CMV infection and only around 1 in 5 babies will experience long term health problems.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span id=\"urn:enhancement-0c7b881d-e1f0-4f0d-9452-caf6f3be2b31\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/strep-b\">Group B Strep<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It is estimated that around 1 in every 4 women in the United States are carriers of the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a1c641af-cf61-43e2-bc1c-569139553e3a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacteria<\/span> that causes group B Strep disease. Infants can get very sick if the infection is passed from the mother during childbirth. Therefore, it is important to get tested for Strep B test so during labor <span id=\"urn:enhancement-0ae3b9e5-947d-48f4-9326-971bb0a62ffc\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antibiotic\">antibiotic<\/span> can be given to reduce the risk of the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4cb3db87-f42e-4b8c-9505-22d2c1cecde1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacteria<\/span> from spreading to the infant.<\/p>\n<p>Charity Group B Strep Support is a campaign that helps raise awareness about group B Strep which is considered the leading cause of infection among infants under 3 months old. It countries where women are tested for the infection, it is estimated that the infection among the newborn babies falls by up to 86%.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span id=\"urn:enhancement-30c18b3c-7417-4810-aef6-c126542d5d65\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/listeriosis\">Listeriosis<\/span> and Pregnancy<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is a rare but serious infection caused by the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d6fcd386-8ac7-4fc9-8ad6-47fefb57e012\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacteria<\/span> Listeria which mostly affects pregnant women, newborns and individuals with a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bc767e38-3156-49bd-9ba5-1666557f0a35\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/weakened-immune-system\">weakened immune system<\/span>. According to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d4533ea8-f502-4096-b30a-b8cc76ee201f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-organization\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<\/span> (CDC), around 1 in every 6 cases of Listeriosis is associated with pregnancy which typically presents fever and other flu-like symptoms. This infection during pregnancy could result in miscarriage, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-945bf86d-ee03-400b-a470-cbb90663176c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/stillbirth\">stillbirth<\/span> or life-threatening infection of the newborn.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zika Virus<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zika virus can spread from the pregnant mother to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f5296705-a84f-43ae-866b-9a7e9cfafe3e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/fetus\">fetus<\/span> during pregnancy which can cause serious birth defects such as <span id=\"urn:enhancement-340db33f-958a-4cab-bb6c-67f67e05ca9e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/microcephaly\">microcephaly<\/span> and miscarriage, hearing loss and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bca72fb7-d5af-48a8-97b5-42bb804cc3bb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/impaired-growth\">impaired growth<\/span>. Therefore, CDC does not recommend pregnant women to travel to places where Zika is prevalent. Partners of women who have travelled to an area with Zika should use a condom correctly as it can spread through sex, so therefore it is important to talk to a healthcare provider about how to prevent the risk of birth defects associated with Zika.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"4\">Maternal Vaccination as an effective way to prevent Prenatal Infections<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Maternal immunization remains an effective way to prevent transmission of certain infections such as hepatitis B and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d5488b59-f186-41c0-af32-95cafb327d79\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rubella\">rubella<\/span> to the infant during pregnancy. However, certain vaccines are not recommended prior to or during pregnancy, therefore women should consult with their healthcare provider to discuss vaccine recommendations prior to pregnancy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tdap (Pertussis):<\/strong> On an average, around 1,000 infants are hospitalized and around 5 to 15 infants die annually in the United States because of pertussis. This is because most cases affect infants who are too young to receive <span id=\"urn:enhancement-0c804b31-8608-4da9-b8a2-2a6bc19c28ab\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/pertussis\">pertussis<\/span> vaccine that starts when they are 2 months old.\u00a0 The initial few months of infant\u2019s lives are the greatest at risk for contracting pertussis and developing life-threatening complications from the infection. Therefore, women are recommended to receive <span id=\"urn:enhancement-13291984-09ae-4be3-9d6a-2adc90aea180\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/tetanus\">tetanus<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1ab774e7-5d19-4bd4-acc1-e33fdd5d2108\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/toxoid\">toxoid<\/span>, reduced <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5884124b-c900-4cda-9855-360551cda6cb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/diphtheria\">diphtheria<\/span> toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) every pregnancy, preferably between 27 and 36 weeks gestation, so it can boost the antibodies in the mother which are transferred to the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-72876b0a-7ec9-40da-8f85-c0d607279969\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/fetus\">fetus<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Influenza (Flu):<\/strong> Pregnant women and their infants are at high risk of developing <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e177835d-6393-46f6-a036-bd12fe004626\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">influenza<\/span>-related complications including <span id=\"urn:enhancement-47df429f-544b-4f5d-9417-c821788acfad\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/premature-delivery\">premature labor<\/span>. As pregnant women experience changes in their <span id=\"urn:local-text-annotation-rrk5txc7a1a1mzjy9far5ibw5grft9xb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/immune-system-process\">immune system<\/span>, heart and lungs, they are more prone to severe illness from influenza. The flu vaccine is the initial step for preventing flu and antiviral treatment lowers flu complications including death. The flu vaccines have been administered safely to millions of pregnant women over several decades and are considered safe for the pregnant women and their infants, however, pregnant women should NOT receive the live attenuated vaccine (nasal spray).<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"5\">Preventing Prenatal Infection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Several forms of prenatal infection can be prevented with healthy pregnancy and the word HYGIENE can help make that possible by remembering H &#8211; Hand washing, Y &#8211; yes to prenatal care, G &#8211; Good food prepared safely, I &#8211; Immunizations, E &#8211; Evade other\u2019s bodily fluids, N &#8211; No to unnecessary invasive procedure and E &#8211; Environmental precautions.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6\">Also, it is important to follow certain guidelines such as avoiding eating products made from raw milk, avoiding unpasteurized milk, avoiding hot dogs, cold cuts or other Deli meats and\u00a0 not eating refrigerated smoked seafood. Also remember to reduce the consumption of undercooked food, drink filtered or boiled water, wash hands soon after contact with pets and not to consume raw sprouts of any kind.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/features\/prenatalinfections\/\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/features\/prenatalinfections\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.midirs.org\/international-prenatal-infection-prevention-month\/\">https:\/\/www.midirs.org\/international-prenatal-infection-prevention-month\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pregnancy\/hcp-toolkit\/tdap-vaccine-pregnancy.html\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pregnancy\/hcp-toolkit\/tdap-vaccine-pregnancy.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pregnancy\/hcp-toolkit\/flu-vaccine-pregnancy.html\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/pregnancy\/hcp-toolkit\/flu-vaccine-pregnancy.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Routine Prenatal Care III. Infections during Pregnancy A. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) B. Group B Strep C. Listeriosis and Pregnancy D. Zika Virus IV. Maternal Vaccination as an Effective Way to Prevent Prenatal Infections A. Tdap (Pertussis) B. Influenza (Flu) V. Preventing Prenatal Infection VI. Conclusion &nbsp; Prenatal infection can occur [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[158],"class_list":["post-3787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-prenatal-infection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3787"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3787\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}