{"id":5108,"date":"2021-05-28T21:01:41","date_gmt":"2021-05-28T21:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/?p=5108"},"modified":"2023-03-10T13:59:59","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T13:59:59","slug":"history-of-viruses-and-bacteria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/history-of-viruses-and-bacteria\/","title":{"rendered":"A History Of Viruses And Bacteria (And The Worst Of Them)"},"content":{"rendered":"<table style=\"background-color: #ebebdf;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"455\">\n<h2 style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><strong><u>Table of Contents<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#1\"><strong>What is Virus?<\/strong><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Transmission of Viruses<\/li>\n<li>Contagious period after contracting a viral infection<\/li>\n<li>Can the Virus evolve?<\/li>\n<li>Types of Viruses<\/li>\n<li>Some of the common viral diseases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#2\"><strong>What is Bacteria?<\/strong><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Difference between a Virus and a Bacteria<\/li>\n<li>Reproduction of bacteria<\/li>\n<li>Survival mechanism of Bacteria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#3\"><strong>Viruses and Evolution<\/strong><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Where did the Virus come from?<\/li>\n<li>Progressive Hypothesis<\/li>\n<li>Regressive Hypothesis<\/li>\n<li>The Virus-First Hypothesis<\/li>\n<li>How did Virus evolve<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#4\"><strong>Evolution of Bacteria<\/strong><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Classification of Bacteria<\/li>\n<li>Key factors affecting the growth of bacteria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#5\"><strong>Fighting the Viruses and Bacteria<\/strong><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Treatments and Drugs<\/li>\n<li>Antiviral Drugs<\/li>\n<li>Vaccines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#6\"><strong>List of some of the worst Viruses<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#7\"><strong>Some of the dangerous bacteria troubling our society<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#8\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Everything you need to know about viruses and bacteria; evolution, how to fight them, and the worst of them!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"1\">What Is a Virus?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5112 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-02.jpg\" alt=\"Different Viruses\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-02.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-02-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-02-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Peter Crosta <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/158179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(UoI)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8216;Viruses are <span id=\"urn:enhancement-376e6a52-5120-49fa-bab9-fb695dfd829d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/microbial\">microscopic organisms<\/span> that exist almost everywhere on earth. They can infect animals, plants, fungi, and even bacteria&#8230;. Viruses vary in complexity. They consist of genetic material, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-291264b8-08dc-4892-b7ee-8431f47844fe\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rna\">RNA<\/span> or <span id=\"urn:enhancement-90054bf8-c9af-488d-836b-27f67eb88d82\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dna-strand\">DNA<\/span>, surrounded by a coat of protein, lipid (fat), or glycoprotein&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Talking about viruses can get complicated because every virus is different. Some viruses can kill you outright, others make you more vulnerable to other diseases, while others can cause other adverse reactions.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another complication when it comes to talking about viruses is that they affect various organisms differently. For example, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2818d737-3288-4e21-9bf3-77176cbc7099\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> C has a\u00a0 near deadly effect on birds, but gives humans a mild cold.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viruses are the most abundant organism on the planet. They infect the host&#8217;s cells but do not replace them. Viruses cannot be cured, however, through vaccination and immunization their spread can be stopped.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How do Viruses Transmission?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viruses&#8217; genetic purpose is to reproduce. They are ruthless and incredibly efficient at this task. The most &#8216;successful&#8217; viruses have a high Rate of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-88fee041-3676-4acb-8bf3-ee2e5ffd3b72\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/resource\/Transmission_(medicine)\">Transmission<\/span> &#8211; for example, Covid-19 was believed to spread so quickly because it had an R rating of 1.4. This means that every person who caught it was likely to infect at least 4 other people. While <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9c6ce188-9460-427e-9672-694a0ef7676c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> has around a 1.1 rating.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each virus spreads slightly differently, here are some examples of how they can be spread:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Touch\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swapping of bodily fluids (saliva, blood, sweat, semen)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Airborne pathogens (from sneezing and coughing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contamination of food\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Insect bites\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contaminated water\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some viruses can live outside of an organism for many days. This means that they can be transferred to an object and survive on it until another organism touches it again. These types of viruses are particularly dangerous, but can be killed by regularly cleaning surfaces.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Incubation period is what scientists refer to as the time when the virus begins to reproduce in the host&#8217;s body. Some viruses show symptoms at this point, while others &#8211; like <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bc543143-675e-4fd3-8df7-a8d314dc3913\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rabies\">Rabies<\/span> &#8211; don&#8217;t show any symptoms until it&#8217;s too late.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How Long Is Someone Contagious?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most successful viruses are contagious for a long time. The time that you are contagious after contracting a viral infection varies depending on the virus.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For example, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-fe3007ad-f578-4078-a11b-b48a46de8885\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/chickenpox\">Chickenpox<\/span> sufferers are still contagious 5 days after the spots first appeared. While people with CoronaVirus (SARS-CoV-2) are believed to be contagious up to 14 days after their symptoms first appear. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-269053b2-2f50-42ec-a591-76aff19efc71\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/measles\">Measles<\/span> is contagious for around 10 days after the symptoms first appear.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The real danger when it comes to viruses is that they are contagious before the first symptoms start to show. This is when they spread the most.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can The Virus Evolve?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most organism a virus spreads to, the more likely it is to evolve.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When viruses make copies of themselves they do not always make exact copies. These mistake copies are referred to as <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e48f822f-ae9f-4464-b41c-bc1fa4cedab0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mutations\">mutations<\/span>. AIDS frequently does this, as it makes over 1 billion copies of itself a day.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some <span id=\"urn:enhancement-72c6cf21-2f08-4e00-84b8-304e91db046e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mutations\">mutations<\/span> have a better survival rate than others or even the original virus. If this mutation survives, it starts to make its own copies. This is natural selection in its most basic form.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Are There any Friendly Viruses?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all viruses are bad! In fact, our <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2e39514e-b1b5-4518-abe0-85ebe346788f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/digestive-system\">digestive system<\/span> is full of friendly viruses. This type of partnership is referred to as a symbiotic relationship. The viruses have found that it is easier for them to survive by working with the host.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We don&#8217;t just have viruses that help us digest food. We also have a few viruses that work alongside our immune system to fight any aggressive bacteria that enter our bodies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Types Of Viruses<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are millions of discovered viruses, and many more that we are yet to discover. Later in the article we will discuss some of the most dangerous viruses in the world, but for now, let&#8217;s look at some of the most common types of viruses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arguably, one of the most common viruses is <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e4a285fe-779c-4242-b3a6-b01c1efce226\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span>. Everyone one reading this article has probably had it at least once. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-818d8440-b874-4d12-b880-f4a48e2fda26\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> is a fast spreading and fast evolving virus &#8211; with new strains appearing every year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other common viruses include Mumps, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-38d6095a-7e3e-40aa-b98e-d247f7fdeb2b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/measles\">Measles<\/span>, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-807852e8-ee50-4e47-98aa-7027bf2b2ba6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/chickenpox\">Chickenpox<\/span>, and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f8879e7d-41d7-42ee-9bef-5e525922351d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rubella\">Rubella<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What Viral Diseases Can Viruses Cause?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viral Diseases are any condition that you develop as the result of contracting a virus. Here are some of the most common viral diseases:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-77517258-7059-4b07-9c60-d09e1e23729e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">smallpox<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the common cold and different types of <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/15107.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">flu<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-af8a8ffc-9c86-463c-b5ca-53a22c176a14\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/measles\">measles<\/span><\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, mumps, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9a1e5ffc-f246-4384-9404-5e7d68fde017\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rubella\">rubella<\/span>, chickenpox, and shingles<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-6cb2062e-b9fd-41bd-a0bb-86abe7d505e4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hepatitis\">hepatitis<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-53bd9967-80da-4d63-9047-a8bc3f6dbdb3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/herpes\">herpes<\/span> and cold sores<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">polio<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-25ba83b3-e038-4a66-9c3e-d3af47489274\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rabies\">rabies<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-ed2338fe-a328-445c-84fd-414ac588640e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span> and Hanta fever<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-805b4e9c-a201-4ad7-857d-064f1c8af702\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span>, the virus that causes AIDS<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severe acute respiratory syndrom<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/7543.php\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">e<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (SARS)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-7795d4a8-088e-4876-a4a0-28545a2d9eb6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dengue\">dengue<\/span> fever, Zika, and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-7d4ec378-8aec-4233-aca8-e2f838a62ca2\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebv\">Epstein-Barr<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"2\">What Is Bacteria?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5113 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-03.jpg\" alt=\"Diffrent types of Bacteria\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-03.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-03-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-03-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria are <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f448902c-2475-4158-b5fc-bd51eae9f9ca\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/microbial\">single celled<\/span> organisms. Their cell structure is a lot simpler than the average cell in the human body. Most notably they have no nucleus (the &#8216;brain&#8217; of the cell). Instead they contain a single loop of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-84a1b3cb-73e2-40e8-b607-0f14747bd00e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dna-strand\">DNA<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are 5 main types of bacteria categories, based on shape:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spherical (cocci)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rod (bacilli)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spiral (spirilla)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">comma (vibrios)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0corkscrew (<span id=\"urn:enhancement-4e6a80d7-eb34-4a17-9db7-264478fcd5c5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/spirochaetes\">spirochaetes<\/span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For every cell in the human body, we contain around 10 bacteria. The majority of these can be found in our <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5330ade8-5d31-4a12-afc3-345576c20671\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/digestive-system\">digestive system<\/span>. They are an essential part of it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all bacteria are bad, in fact there are many good types. And exposing yourself to a small amount of new bacteria is a great way to build <span id=\"urn:enhancement-39da5b9e-6930-4149-815e-888bf4443700\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/immunity\">immunity<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What Is The Difference Between A Virus &amp; Bacteria?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria are living cells, they are an organism in their own right. They do not rely on anything else to live. Viruses on the other hand are not technically alive, as they cannot exist with the help of a host.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why do we need to be able to tell the difference between bacteria and viruses?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, because they are so different they need different treatment when they start to cause us trouble. Doctors want to make sure that they are only prescribing antibiotics when it is necessary &#8211; as getting this wrong can lead to more <span id=\"urn:enhancement-08f5af86-5106-480b-b1a7-507c2a43f45f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antibiotic\">antibiotic<\/span>-resistant super strains developing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How do Bacteria Reproduce?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the world of bacteria there is no falling in love, long walks on the beach, or gettin down to <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">business\u2026 <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead, bacteria reproduce using <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/binary-fission\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">binary fission<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-ff3b15bc-4d07-4ae0-818c-6a7ea33b10cc\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/resource\/Fission_(biology)\">Binary fission<\/span> is the process of a single cell organism diving itself into two. These two cells are exactly the same.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This may sound like a slow process, but take a look at this <span id=\"urn:enhancement-6f809cf6-5e6c-4eca-bbd2-70d8929779c0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/e-coli\">E Coli<\/span> case study.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the conditions are right (warm and wet) within 7 hours 1 cell can turn into 2,097,152 bacteria. Give those guys another hour and there will be 16,777,216 of them. Scary stuff.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria\u2019s Survival Mechanism<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As well as being able to reproduce at <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">impressive <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rates, Bacteria need other tactics\u00a0 to survive. Some bacteria form an endospore.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is an outer shell that protects the bacteria from hostile environments. They can protect the bacteria from threats like excessive heat, UV rays, and even disinfectants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"3\">Viruses and Evolution<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most dangerous things about viruses is that they are incredibly efficient when it comes to evolution. So much so that science and treatments can&#8217;t always keep up with them. Let&#8217;s look at what this process looks like and the difficulties that scientists face when trying to study viruses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where Did The Virus Come From?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is no simple answer to this question. In fact, in the field of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e6e0df77-cef4-4c3d-b850-303be63a3a28\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/virology\">Virology<\/span> (the study of viruses) there are three main theories for the origins of viruses. And there is no one universally agreed upon theory.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The three theories are\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The progressive theory\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Regressive theory\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And the Virus-First theory\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continue reading to find out more about each of these theories.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Progressive Hypothesis\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These theories have developed because of the similarity between the retroviruses family of viruses and the retrotransposons in the human body (often referred to as <span id=\"urn:enhancement-44469b86-0c55-41d4-80ed-ddab6179f307\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/eukaryotic\">eukaryotic<\/span> genomes). These genomes make up around 42% of the genomes in our bodies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both use coded <span id=\"urn:enhancement-fbbba4e0-5a4f-4786-ab21-ce2dc8966306\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rna\">RNA<\/span> to replicate themselves whenever they enter a new cell. They also use a similar method for entering and exiting cells. It is believed that viruses learnt from or evolved from these retrotransposons.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regressive Hypothesis\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This hypothesis infers that viruses came into being thanks to a reductive process. This theory claims that <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c580bf65-572c-40c2-b9c7-9e133489cb9d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/eukaryotic\">eukaryotic<\/span> genomes and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rickettsia_prowazekii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rickettsia prowazekii<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have enough <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5159645a-54ee-4d8a-8ae0-6aa9c65bf8d7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dna-strand\">DNA<\/span> in common to prove that they have a common ancestor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This theory therefore suggests that viruses have complex ancestors that were living creatures, possibly even bateria. Through a reductive evolution process they have become the cell invading system they are now.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Virus-First Hypothesis<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This theory differs from the other two as it does not assume that cells existed before viruses &#8211; hence the name, The Virus-First Hypothesis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has been suggested since 2005 that viruses were the first reproducing entity, and that they existed in the pre-cellular world. This would make them the oldest form of &#8216;life&#8217; we know of.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The theory suggests that cells as we know them grew out of mutated viruses. They developed their nuclei and became more complex than their forefathers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How Did Viruses Evolve?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is no agreed upon origin of the virus. And the answer might actually be more complex than a single correct theory.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are such a wide and varying variety of viruses across the world that some scientists have suggested that viruses could have evolved separately in multiple ways. This theory is mirrored in wider evolution, where we see creatures evolving the same traits at opposite ends of the world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible that there are some viruses that developed through progressive methods, while there are others that came into being through regressive processes. With the Virus-First theory still holding weight.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"4\">Evolution of Bacteria<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The next stage in understanding the history of viruses and bacteria is to look at the evolution of bacteria.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As we have mentioned above, Bacteria (as well as viruses) evolve quickly. It is one of the key elements of their survival.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Classification Of Bacteria<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria are classified based on their shape. They can exist as single cells, chains or even clusters. There are 5 main categories:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spherical (cocci)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rod (bacilli)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spiral (spirilla)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">comma (vibrios)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0corkscrew (<span id=\"urn:enhancement-25318b57-5369-4718-932c-f74db5ff184e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/spirochaetes\">spirochaetes<\/span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria can be found in nearly every part of the world. They live in the air, the soil, in the Antarctic, and even inside us.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What Factors Affect Bacterial Growth?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The more you understand about the factors that affect <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c730e44d-6590-442c-908a-4d845a1ff4ca\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacterial<\/span> growth, the more you can prevent the spread of unwanted bacteria.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are six key factors that affect <span id=\"urn:enhancement-62a09c31-c799-42f6-8ece-3d7ff7c804ba\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacterial<\/span> growth:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Available water<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-abbe29c8-8124-4184-8871-830bb2c57b2a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ph\">pH<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temperature\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nutritional concentration\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salt and Ion availability<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gaseous concentration\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria thrive well in warm, wet environments &#8211; like food left out at room temperature for too long. They also avoid direct sunlight as UVB rays can kill them. They are also vulnerable to high temperatures and bleach.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacteria don&#8217;t like cold places &#8211; in fact, a few years ago scientists found ancient bacteria and viruses frozen in <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/earth\/story\/20170504-there-are-diseases-hidden-in-ice-and-they-are-waking-up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Siberian ice<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The cells were unable to multiply but were incredibly well preserved.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"5\">Fighting The Viruses &amp; Bacteria<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5116 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-06.jpg\" alt=\"Fighting The Viruses &amp; Bacteria\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-06.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-06-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-06-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that we understand what bacteria and viruses are, it&#8217;s time to look at what sciences are doing to tackle the issues they are causing in our world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks to the events that began in 2019, as a society we are more educated about bacteria and viruses than ever before. We have learnt so much about preventing their spread. We have got a better understanding about how viruses evolve and spread. And we have seen one of the fast developments of a vaccine in history.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As we touched on above, viral and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e28a872e-6d2c-4077-baae-1d90a9cee32a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacterial<\/span> infections need to be treated differently. And these treatments vary greatly within the species.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let&#8217;s take a closer look at how we are fighting viruses and bacteria.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before we take a deep dive, it is important to remember that there are both good bacteria and viruses. We do not want to completely eradicate all viruses and bacteria, but we do want to target the dangerous ones.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment and drugs<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this section, we are going to talk about the way <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2f042000-edf3-4df6-9a10-09fcf44a8512\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacterial<\/span> and viral infections are treated once they have been caught.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are many viruses and bacteria who&#8217;s infections cannot be treated yet. However, every year scientists test and develop more treatments. So, there is room for hope. A great example of this is <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b670df4b-4d09-461a-a4de-cbe5c15c9958\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">smallpox<\/span> &#8211; which used to kill around 400,000 people a year, and infected over 15 million. After a world wide vaccine roll out in the 70s, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8a8ccc63-7cb3-4c28-85c9-8f32736006b1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">smallpox<\/span> has now been eradicated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antiviral Drugs<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible to get both targeted <span id=\"urn:enhancement-0cb8a233-164e-4a04-9501-10e3846dc965\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antiviral\">antiviral<\/span> drugs (these have been developed to fight one specific type of virus), or broad spectrum treatments that can target multiple viruses at once.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The development of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1c11079d-ccdc-4539-943a-4d31df9b196f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antiviral\">Antiviral<\/span> drugs mostly happened as the result of the pressure the medical community were under to treat people with <span id=\"urn:enhancement-da79b8cb-6479-4c70-a585-f509242c4fd3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> and AIDS. This research drastically increased the amount we understand about viruses and how they interact with the human body.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible to get <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9bcfb131-1354-4a4e-8442-af016cc47127\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antiviral\">Antiviral<\/span> drugs that help treat <span id=\"urn:enhancement-6f6fa3cb-10f2-4dbd-9047-ac8e1314be7b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span>, CoronaVirus, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-866f6596-69d7-4d90-a2ef-fe3e43f95cbb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hepatitis-b\">Hepatitis B<\/span> &amp; C, and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-565436f4-bfd3-4950-b63e-dce9f27054a0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> A&amp;B.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-9c160728-7fe0-49df-b0b3-0494645b0d28\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">Bacterial<\/span> infections are slightly easier to treat. Partly because we know more about bacteria and have spent longer developing treatments.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you develop a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-862565eb-97ec-40dc-8556-e37ee0ea5b5b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">bacterial<\/span> infection you will be given antibiotics to treat it. These should clear the infection within 2 weeks.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are very few side effects of using antibiotics. However, doctors are careful not to prescribe them unless necessary, as too much societal use of antibiotics can lead to new <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8e1e6340-f171-4f1c-ad88-8a61aadcacf0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antibiotic\">antibiotic<\/span>-resistant strains (like <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f3054a80-acca-4be2-8e0c-2544d5b28b53\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mrsa\">MRSA<\/span>) developing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/www.immune.org.nz\/vaccines\/vaccine-development\/brief-history-vaccination\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vaccines<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viral infections are treated with <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8200a85f-5d1b-4b25-bba6-5d205bfff112\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/antiviral\">antiviral<\/span> drugs once the infection has developed, however it is possible to use vaccines to prevent the development of these infections.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The theory behind vaccination is that if you expose your body to a small amount of the virus it will create antibodies to destroy this tiny amount. Your immune system remembers the virus and next time you are exposed to it, it can release the antibodies again and kill the virus before it infects you.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Invented by Edward Jenner in 1796, vaccinations have changed the face of medicine forever. Diseases that used to kill 100,000s of people a year no longer exist. Scientists are currently working on vaccinations for all the major viruses in the world today.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"6\">What Are The Worst Viruses?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5117 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-07.jpg\" alt=\"The Worst Viruses\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-07.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-07-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-07-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that we have learned what viruses are, how they work, and how dangerous they can be &#8211; let&#8217;s look at some of the most dangerous viruses around at the moment. We have also touched on a few viruses that have been eradicated but killed tens of thousands of people a year but a short time ago.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marburg_virus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marburg virus<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marburg virus is an untreatable disease that can be caught by exposure to some forms of fruit bat. It can also be spread from person to person through fluid sharing activities like unprotected sexual intercourse or touching broken skin.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once the infection has happened there is no treatment for the Marburg virus, however, studies have shown that treating the symptom of dehydration can increase survival chances. Marburg virus symptoms include internal hemorrhaging, fever, and severe dehydration. Many of its symptoms mirror those of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-df30611c-4ca7-4454-beca-f4f536dda4f1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Studies have shown the fatality rate of the Marburg virus to be anywhere <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vhf\/marburg\/symptoms\/index.html#:~:text=The%20case%2Dfatality%20rate%20for,the%20History%20of%20Outbreaks%20table.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">between 23-90%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zaire_ebolavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ebola virus<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-c4684acc-698c-49fc-b07a-14bd48c97499\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span> virus has very similar symptoms to the Marburg virus (hemorrhaging, fever, dehydration). In the last decade, we have seen serious <span id=\"urn:enhancement-455d7074-961a-42a4-ab93-a3f87abf635d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span> Virus outbreaks in Western Africa, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-0eac5e2c-fe3c-46c9-8724-a8f8aec86fad\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span> Virus has a fatality rate of between 25-93%. In developed countries there is around 50% can of survival. It can also be passed from fruit bats to humans, and from person to person through the exchange of bodily fluids. There is no licensed <span id=\"urn:enhancement-fedd2357-6318-4a8e-a24d-fd9801bbfcb6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/ebola\">Ebola<\/span> virus treatment.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rabies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rabies<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-3de1744e-af7a-4e8c-8b2f-13a81695f9de\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rabies\">Rabies<\/span> causes around 57,000 deaths a year across the globe. Its symptoms include fever, paralysis, excessive salivation, hallucinations, and falling into a coma.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5ab66925-33fa-49ce-bce2-9ff27e4749dd\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rabies\">rabies<\/span> vaccination, and there are many countries around the world that recommend getting this vaccination before visiting. The most commonly known source of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-ccd2186b-c9f0-4d5e-8d78-1c8c2c112926\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rabies\">rabies<\/span> is rabid dogs. But there are also a few other animals that can infect humans, including certain bats in Australia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HIV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HIV<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-4e9f6401-7971-46cd-9b6c-144f09fc6574\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that has no cure. When not treated <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c8c03147-5598-4caf-bec6-1b1a00967e0e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> can develop into the much more deadly AIDs (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Once someone develops <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2b0340e5-e39b-4434-ab65-c92ac7d8a482\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> they will have it for life. While <span id=\"urn:enhancement-98a0d42a-9c9a-4d56-a000-921dd6524f85\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> cannot be cured, in recent years a treatment has been developed to control the virus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">AIDs and <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b8eabe32-1974-4e9b-8fad-d2deb6f20660\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> attack the immune system, creating an environment where cancers and deadly viruses can thrive. Without treatment the average sufferer only survives with <span id=\"urn:enhancement-1c5020dd-e633-481c-a711-517cd88db5e4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hiv\">HIV<\/span> for 8-9 years.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Smallpox#:~:text=Smallpox%20was%20an%20infectious%20disease,belongs%20to%20the%20genus%20Orthopoxvirus.'\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smallpox<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">200 years ago <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4ed81c06-346d-4962-9c2a-9878144858e4\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">Smallpox<\/span> killed well over 400,000 people a year. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e0617ea3-a01c-4a77-b811-99a95faf043f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">Smallpox<\/span> was one of the first viruses to have a vaccine developed for it. The last naturally occurring <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d18c5e1a-a007-4b08-ae52-9485cb65dca7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">Smallpox<\/span> case happened in 1977, and by 1980 WHO declared the virus eradicated across the globe. In 1967, before the vaccination rollout,\u00a0 the world was still witnessing 15 million <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4efc2c36-1e85-41f7-b0d7-bd2440677d92\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/smallpox\">smallpox<\/span> cases a year.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orthohantavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hantavirus<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-bc0db1c6-f219-477e-b701-38cdc975817f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hantavirus\">Hantavirus<\/span> is a virus that is almost entirely contracted after inhaling rodent feces. Until 2019 human to human transmission was not thought possible until a case was recorded that year in South Africa.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-78e91cfe-0af3-4ded-bb48-930f785c8591\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/hantavirus\">Hantavirus<\/span> strains include a fever, abdominal paints, bleeding under the skin followed by a drop in blood pressure. In many cases the disease is fatal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Influenza\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Influenza<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is believed that there are over a thousand variants of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b79d9860-de15-4e51-a27d-2c071dc94c2c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> that fall under 4 main categories &#8211; A, B, C, and D. Between 3-5 million cases of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-da582ed8-5cf0-45a1-a16c-ed73bd4e5fcb\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> are recorded a year among humans &#8211; with 650,000 deaths occurring annual due to the virus.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are annually updated <span id=\"urn:enhancement-861c7013-33cf-4d5d-a6cc-d04892323a7e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/influenza\">Influenza<\/span> vaccinations, as at least one new and potent strain appears every year. Some of the strains can pass across species &#8211; the 2009 Swine Flu epidemic is a good example of this.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dengue_fever#:~:text=Dengue%20fever%20is%20a%20mosquito,and%20a%20characteristic%20skin%20rash.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dengue<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-883f028e-e776-4cfa-a3e3-c23ed80a6f81\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dengue\">Dengue<\/span> (fever) is a mosquito-borne virus that kills around 40,000 people every year. With around 390 million cases being recorded every year. The most common preventative treatment for <span id=\"urn:enhancement-591359bb-8ef8-4e22-8681-c25c386b9454\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/dengue\">Dengue<\/span> fever is mosquito nets. There is a vaccine, but it is only approved for use on people who have already had the virus. Re-infection is possible and highly likely in places with high mosquito populations.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rotavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rotavirus<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovered in 1973, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-34016196-036b-4631-962f-23f2b1c1e41a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rotavirus\">Rotavirus<\/span> infects nearly every child in the world at least once before the age of 5. It traditionally causes severe vomiting and diarrhea in the first infection. With each subsequent infection it gets less impactful.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-c10b813b-60f8-417d-bbdc-dd60f5c9ddef\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/rotavirus\">Rotavirus<\/span> is most dangerous in children under 2 and people of any age with immunodeficiencies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SARS-CoV<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SARS-CoV ( or <span id=\"urn:enhancement-e0ad6bac-6749-4d6d-a467-29517bca7a56\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome\">Severe Acute respiratory syndrome<\/span> coronavirus) is a strand of corona virus that attacks the epithelial cells of the lungs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An outbreak of SARS-CoV in South Asia in 2003 led to laboratories in the area working for WHO to establish coronavirus as the cause of SARS. A new strain of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, is what caused the new coronavirus outbreak that began in 2019.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fatality rate of SARS-CoV is around 9%, but does rise to 50% in the over 60s. Once of the major dangers of SARS-CoV is that it makes the sufferer more vulnerable to bacteria like pneumonia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_East_respiratory_syndrome%E2%80%93related_coronavirus'\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MERS-CoV<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-1437b8ab-fad5-4498-9363-31091e7b6da7\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mers-cov\">MERS-CoV<\/span> (or <span id=\"urn:enhancement-60a1ba3f-02bf-4331-af73-5d8f5b25a67f\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome\">Middle East respiratory syndrome<\/span>\u2013related coronavirus) is a strain of coronavirus that is the cause of MERS. This strain of corona virus can infect humans, camels, and bats.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2019 858 of the 2,494 people who caught <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bf9a14aa-d9ed-4c40-bbb0-8804bdfcd895\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mers-cov\">MERS-CoV<\/span> died. This number shocked scientists who had previously estimated the fatality rate of this disease as under 30%.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-5fba87ae-89fb-46a4-8496-355c8858189e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mers-cov\">MERS-CoV<\/span> was first discovered in 2012, and since then has spread to over 21 countries. It is one of the viruses on WHO&#8217;s watchlist for viruses that may cause future <span id=\"urn:enhancement-fb54be0f-b401-4b35-96cf-6460defa715d\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/epidemics\">epidemics<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"7\">What Are The Worst Bacterias?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5118 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-08.jpg\" alt=\"The Worst Bacterias\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-08.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-08-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-08-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the final section of our history of Viruses and Bacteria, we are going to look at the most dangerous bacteria troubling our society this year.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salmonella\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Salmonellae<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First visualized in 1880, Salmonellae is one of the leading causes of food poisoning in the US today. Studies suggest 98.4 million salmonellae infections occur every year, affecting 11% of the world&#8217;s population.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is also believed that between 60-80% of global <span id=\"urn:enhancement-9b1b0325-c781-4d3f-9063-4b868a1f18e0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/salmonella\">Salmonella<\/span> cases go unrecorded, so the infection rates could be much, much higher than they appear.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-fe10d759-b965-43b6-b897-b2f878b6ddcf\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/salmonella\">Salmonella<\/span> infections usually cause vomiting and diarrhea.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helicobacter_pylori\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helicobacter pylori<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-c7848bf0-1650-4fb1-8aef-9139fb3e9ace\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/helicobacter\">Helicobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-d1a9ac3b-77f2-42e5-bfdd-723a3171469c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/h-pylori\">pylori<\/span> is a highly contagious bacteria that was first identified in 1982. Scientists believe <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508517355312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50% of the world <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2ae21ee4-9b15-4853-a392-8d68001f5332\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/helicobacter\">Helicobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-47a7ffe0-e281-4a6d-bf37-bee415b04282\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/h-pylori\">pylori<\/span> in its intestines. While 90% of people infected with <span id=\"urn:enhancement-91a823ab-3f4a-4706-9fac-6090dce41695\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/helicobacter\">Helicobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-16b85afc-a2af-409f-9d09-0d9fd0ceb9d1\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/h-pylori\">pylori<\/span> never experienced any complications, for those who do it can be very serious.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For the people who have complications from <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2034ebae-3c2e-485b-bfb8-2e183d6ea75a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/helicobacter\">Helicobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-8ad20cf7-0b6b-47b3-9c68-713270c89631\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/h-pylori\">pylori<\/span>, 20% of them develop stomach and intestinal ulcers. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a65b890d-1219-4a41-9b17-0a80fd6ba8e0\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/helicobacter\">Helicobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-6269743a-4b06-4682-8346-88a1f567e3f8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/h-pylori\">pylori<\/span> has been linked with many other diseases like Ahlizemers and Cancer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enterobacteriaceae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovered in 1936, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-a70808bb-9463-4eb7-9f19-56f00dfebb2e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/enterobacteriaceae\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/span> are a large family of bacteria with over 100 strains. Many of which are natural parts of our <span id=\"urn:enhancement-3f9d1723-08ab-4a20-9a2e-309cb1bac7ca\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/gastrointestinal\">gastrointestinal<\/span> biome. While others live underwater, in soil, in animals, and even in parasites.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While <span id=\"urn:enhancement-2f2fe1e2-57f0-4832-a0b8-e90d8b7a47c5\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/enterobacteriaceae\">Enterobacteriaceae<\/span> are not dangerous in their own right, more nasty bacteria like <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5fe58cfd-ef08-490d-ae67-7183bcf8d19c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/salmonella\">Salmonella<\/span> rely on them to survive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campylobacter_jejuni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Campylobacter spp<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-0bb83f2d-ef2f-41c1-896e-cb119628ec52\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/campylobacter\">Campylobacter<\/span> spp is another vicious bacteria that causes substantial food poisoning incidents across the world every year &#8211; the CDC suggesting numbers up to 1.5 million cases a year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike other bacteria, <span id=\"urn:enhancement-12c9d962-7f65-47fa-8b10-f14daed32cf8\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/campylobacter\">Campylobacter<\/span> spp is not known for causing outbreaks, rather individual cases.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neisseria Gonorrhoeae<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-f42bcd7d-232a-4f79-a857-5b37615cc967\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/neisseria\">Neisseria<\/span> Gonorrhoeae was discovered in 1879 and is the bacteria that causes the <span id=\"urn:enhancement-105bc043-3b69-45f5-bfcf-6c840f9a20d6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/sexually-transmitted-diseases\">sexually transmitted disease<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-bb855dca-2da4-48e3-bce8-20eba9b5b4ae\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/gonorrhea\">Gonorrhea<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The bacteria is spread through physical contact during oral, vaginal, and anal sex. It is possible to prevent infection using protection that adequately covers the genitals.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-98913759-1742-4f2f-8a64-106a340f84dc\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/gonorrhea\">Gonorrhea<\/span> is very effective at avoiding the human&#8217;s immune defenses, and it is possible to get re-infected multiple times.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pseudomonas_aeruginosa#:~:text=Pseudomonas%20aeruginosa%20is%20a%20common,plants%20and%20animals%2C%20including%20humans.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most common issue that <span id=\"urn:enhancement-506d6ca8-9db5-4ee4-875e-8686d46bd0c3\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/pseudomonas-aeruginosa\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span> is responsible for is the development of pneumonia in humans. Pneumonia can be developed if the person&#8217;s lungs are infected by <span id=\"urn:enhancement-4cc6dc99-6bf2-44bb-bcb6-7efa7417b933\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/pseudomonas-aeruginosa\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span>. It is not just humans who are susceptible to pneumonia. In some cases, pneumonia can be fatal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-8ee4973b-3752-47f3-9693-2932fa49fdcf\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/pseudomonas-aeruginosa\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/span> has also been recorded to cause infections in the blood, heart, and kidneys. These infections can also be fatal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enterococcus_faecium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enterococcus faecium<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-6324ee87-8f3e-4156-b926-95ced26b6d6e\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/enterococcus\">Enterococcus<\/span> faecium is a slightly complex bacteria that can coexist in the intestines of humans or animals. However, in some cases, it can cause <span id=\"urn:enhancement-46cfbc72-0e50-469c-8f5d-b12e93ea1e08\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/meningitis\">meningitis<\/span> &#8211; which can be fatal, particularly when caught by children.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a fast evolving strain of bacteria and those who are vulnerable to <span id=\"urn:enhancement-5921a894-766d-4b63-94e9-019e34b76c67\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/meningitis\">meningitis<\/span> should be vaccinated against new strains every autumn.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-8c6e3d19-69e4-4fbf-9690-f7661056fe9c\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mrsa\">MRSA<\/span> was one of the first &#8216;super bugs&#8217;. Given this nickname, because they developed <span id=\"urn:enhancement-89de20c3-5fed-43c4-b69f-05c74284b0db\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-creative-work\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/immunity\">immunity<\/span> to several of the major antibacterial treatments &#8211; most notably <span id=\"urn:enhancement-49d45361-d53f-4465-b870-eb0f4da48064\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/penicillin\">Penicillin<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most cases of <span id=\"urn:enhancement-29123762-7b0d-4e22-8fdf-5b699bc3795b\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mrsa\">MRSA<\/span> infection occur in the hospital. It is very contagious and can be spread via touch or contamination of medical equipment. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-c0afe33e-bb89-457d-8e82-46e8edc09329\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/mrsa\">MRSA<\/span> can be treated by antibiotics, but only by a few specialist types.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acinetobacter Baumannii<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span id=\"urn:enhancement-6d8529b0-1c97-43bc-8f23-2123cd92b363\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"\">Acinetobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-51816795-3297-4fdf-9155-b51e778610d6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/baumannii\">Baumannii<\/span> targets humans with compromised immune systems (many people who suffer from allergies or <span id=\"urn:enhancement-f32b629f-e715-4d2c-874f-458b12a72440\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/autoimmune\">autoimmune<\/span> issues). It is not known where <span id=\"urn:enhancement-66267b56-9e8b-4807-927e-bfeba390cc08\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"\">Acinetobacter<\/span> <span id=\"urn:enhancement-72b60647-0be9-4460-8265-3de91dcaa9d6\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/baumannii\">Baumannii<\/span> originated from. However, it can cause fatal consequences in humans.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acinetobacter Baumannii can cause <span id=\"urn:enhancement-b1dada35-4535-4739-bfea-f582193e483a\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/meningitis\">Meningitis<\/span>, pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and even infect open wounds. Compromised immune systems are often unable to fight back against these infections.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"8\">Summary<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5119 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-09.jpg\" alt=\"A Virus and a Bacteria side by side\" width=\"1001\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-09.jpg 1001w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-09-980x393.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Header-09-480x192.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1001px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Viruses and bacteria are very different. Bacteria are single celled organisms that can survive outside a host. Viruses rely on their hosts for survival, they are not technically alive because of this.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite their differences they can both be deadly. <span id=\"urn:enhancement-956c3eb0-0ecf-43d8-8e40-0250760189c9\" class=\"textannotation disambiguated wl-thing\" itemid=\"https:\/\/data.wordlift.io\/wl1503301\/entity\/bacterial\">Bacterial<\/span> and viral infections kill millions of people around the world every year. As science develops new treatments and learns more about the human body these numbers will drop.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The world is also full of good viruses and bacteria. Our digestive system would not be able to function without them. We even have viruses in our body who have a symbiotic relationship with our immune system. These viruses kill some of the deadliest bacteria that enter our bodies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents What is Virus? Transmission of Viruses Contagious period after contracting a viral infection Can the Virus evolve? Types of Viruses Some of the common viral diseases What is Bacteria? Difference between a Virus and a Bacteria Reproduction of bacteria Survival mechanism of Bacteria Viruses and Evolution Where did the Virus come from? [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-outbreaks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5108"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5108\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mybiosource.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}