NP_001012333.1
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NCBI GenBank Nucleotide #
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UniProt Primary Accession #
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
Molecular Weight
40.4 kDa
NCBI Official Full Name
midkine isoform a
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
midkine (neurite growth-promoting factor 2)
NCBI Protein Information
midkine
UniProt Protein Name
Midkine
UniProt Synonym Protein Names
Amphiregulin-associated protein; ARAP; Midgestation and kidney protein; Neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 2; Neurite outgrowth-promoting protein
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
UniProt Entry Name
MK_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for MDK
This gene encodes a member of a small family of secreted growth factors that binds heparin and responds to retinoic acid. The encoded protein promotes cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis, in particular during tumorigenesis. This gene has been targeted as a therapeutic for a variety of different disorders. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
UniProt Comments for MDK
MDK: Developmentally regulated, secreted growth factor homologous to pleiotrophin (PTN), which has heparin binding activity. Binds anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) which induces ALK activation and subsequent phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS1), followed by the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3-kinase, and the induction of cell proliferation. Involved in neointima formation after arterial injury, possibly by mediating leukocyte recruitment. Also involved in early fetal adrenal gland development. Belongs to the pleiotrophin family.
Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11p11.2
Cellular Component: cell projection; cytoplasm; extracellular region
Molecular Function: growth factor activity; heparin binding
Biological Process: adrenal gland development; behavioral fear response; cell differentiation; cell migration; cerebellar granular layer development; cerebral cortex development; defecation; dentate gyrus development; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; nervous system development; Notch signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell division; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; regulation of behavior; response to drug; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; response to wounding; short-term memory; signal transduction
Product References and Citations for MDK recombinant protein
A new family of heparin-binding factors
strong conservation of midkine (MK)
sequences between the human and the mouse.Tsutsui J., Uehara K., Kadomatsu K., Matsubara S., Muramatsu T.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 176:792-797(1991)
Cloning, characterization and developmental regulation of two members of a novel human gene family of neurite outgrowth-promoting proteins.Kretschmer P.J., Fairhurst J.L., Decker M.M., Chan C.P., Gluzman Y., Boehlen P., Kovesdi I.Growth Factors 5:99-114(1991)
Genomic structure of human midkine (MK)
, a retinoic acid-responsive growth/differentiation factor.Uehara K., Matsubara S., Kadomatsu K., Tsutsui J., Muramatsu T.J. Biochem. 111:563-567(1992)
Structure of the gene coding for the human retinoic acid-inducible factor, MK.Fairhurst J.L., Kretschmer P.J., Gluzman Y., Boehlen P., Kovesdi I.DNA Cell Biol. 12:139-147(1993)
Abnormal expression, highly efficient detection and novel truncations of midkine in human tumors, cancers and cell lines.Tao P., Xu D., Lin S., Ouyang G.L., Chang Y., Chen Q., Yuan Y., Zhuo X., Luo Q., Li J., Li B., Ruan L., Li Q., Li Z.Cancer Lett. 253:60-67(2007)
Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.Taylor T.D., Noguchi H., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kuroki Y., Dewar K., Lloyd C., Itoh T., Takeda T., Kim D.-W., She X., Barlow K.F., Bloom T., Bruford E., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Eichler E., FitzGerald M.G., Jaffe D.B., LaButti K., Nicol R., Park H.-S., Seaman C., Sougnez C., Yang X., Zimmer A.R., Zody M.C., Birren B.W., Nusbaum C., Fujiyama A., Hattori M., Rogers J., Lander E.S., Sakaki Y.Nature 440:497-500(2006)
Amphiregulin-associated protein
complete amino acid sequence of a protein produced by the 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-treated human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7.Shoyab M., McDonald V.L., Dick K., Modrell B., Malik N., Plowman G.D.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 179:572-578(1991)
Identification of novel heparin-releasable proteins, as well as the cytokines midkine and pleiotrophin, in human postheparin plasma.Novotny W.F., Maffi T., Mehta R.L., Milner P.G.Arterioscler. Thromb. 13:1798-1805(1993)
Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.Zhang Z., Henzel W.J.Protein Sci. 13:2819-2824(2004)
Midkine binds to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)
and acts as a growth factor for different cell types.Stoica G.E., Kuo A., Powers C., Bowden E.T., Sale E.B., Riegel A.T., Wellstein A.J. Biol. Chem. 277:35990-35998(2002)
Solution structure of midkine, a new heparin-binding growth factor.Iwasaki W., Nagata K., Hatanaka H., Inui T., Kimura T., Muramatsu T., Yoshida K., Tasumi M., Inagaki F.EMBO J. 16:6936-6946(1997)
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Products associated with MDK recombinant protein
Pathways associated with MDK recombinant protein
Diseases associated with MDK recombinant protein
Organs/Tissues associated with MDK recombinant protein
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