BAA89371.1
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
Molecular Weight
9,972 Da
NCBI Official Full Name
ghrelin
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols
NCBI Protein Information
appetite-regulating hormone
UniProt Protein Name
Appetite-regulating hormone
UniProt Synonym Protein Names
Growth hormone secretagogue; Growth hormone-releasing peptide; Motilin-related peptide; Protein M46
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
UniProt Entry Name
GHRL_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for GHRL
This gene encodes the ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein that is cleaved to yield two peptides, ghrelin and obestatin. Ghrelin is a powerful appetite stimulant and plays an important role in energy homeostasis. Its secretion is initiated when the stomach is empty, whereupon it binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor in the hypothalamus which results in the secretion of growth hormone (somatotropin). Ghrelin is thought to regulate multiple activities, including hunger, reward perception via the mesolimbic pathway, gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and pancreatic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. It was initially proposed that obestatin plays an opposing role to ghrelin by promoting satiety and thus decreasing food intake, but this action is still debated. Recent reports suggest multiple metabolic roles for obestatin, including regulating adipocyte function and glucose metabolism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. In addition, antisense transcripts for this gene have been identified and may potentially regulate ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein expression. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
UniProt Comments for GHRL
ghrelin: a hormone that binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Secreted by the stomach
Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Cell development/differentiation; Cell cycle regulation; Apoptosis
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p26-p25
Cellular Component: axon; cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; extracellular region; extracellular space
Molecular Function: G-protein-coupled receptor binding; ghrelin receptor binding; growth hormone-releasing hormone activity; protein binding; protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
Biological Process: actin polymerization and/or depolymerization; activation of MAPK activity; adult feeding behavior; cartilage development; cellular protein metabolic process; cortisol secretion; decidualization; dendrite development; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; gastric acid secretion; glucose metabolic process; growth hormone secretion; hormone-mediated signaling; negative regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of inflammatory response; negative regulation of insulin secretion; negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production; negative regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process; positive regulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion; positive regulation of appetite; positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep; positive regulation of cortisol secretion; positive regulation of growth hormone secretion; positive regulation of insulin secretion; positive regulation of multicellular organism growth; positive regulation of synaptogenesis; regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of response to food; response to estrogen stimulus; response to hormone stimulus
Disease: Obesity
Research Articles on GHRL
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Products associated with GHRL elisa kit
Pathways associated with GHRL elisa kit
Diseases associated with GHRL elisa kit
Organs/Tissues associated with GHRL elisa kit
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