BC025718
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UniProt Primary Accession #
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UniProt Secondary Accession #
UniProt Related Accession #
NCBI Official Full Name
Homo sapiens peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV, mRNA
NCBI Official Synonym Full Names
peptidyl arginine deiminase, type IV
NCBI Protein Information
protein-arginine deiminase type-4; HL-60 PAD; PADI-H protein; protein-arginine deiminase type IV; peptidyl arginine deiminase, type V
UniProt Protein Name
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4
UniProt Synonym Protein Names
HL-60 PAD; Peptidylarginine deiminase IV; Protein-arginine deiminase type IV
UniProt Synonym Gene Names
UniProt Entry Name
PADI4_HUMAN
NCBI Summary for PAD4
This gene is a member of a gene family which encodes enzymes responsible for the conversion of arginine residues to citrulline residues. This gene may play a role in granulocyte and macrophage development leading to inflammation and immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Comments for PAD4
Function: Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins. Citrullinates histone H3 at 'Arg-8' and/or 'Arg-17' and histone H4 at 'Arg-3', which prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1. Ref.7 Ref.8
Catalytic activity: Protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3.
Cofactor: Binds 5 calcium ions per subunit. Ref.9
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic granule. Note: Cytoplasmic granules of eosinophils and neutrophils. Ref.5 Ref.9
Tissue specificity: Expressed in eosinophils and neutrophils, not expressed in peripheral monocytes or lymphocytes. Ref.5
Post-translational modification: Autocitrullination at Arg-372 and Arg-374 inactivates the enzyme.
Involvement in disease: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [MIM:180300]: An inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component. It primarily affects the joints and is characterized by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures.Note: The gene represented in this entry may be involved in disease pathogenesis. It could play a role in increasing citrullination of proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues, leading, in a cytokine-rich milieu, to a break in tolerance to citrullinated peptides processed and presented in the appropriate HLA context. Ref.6
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protein arginine deiminase family.
Biophysicochemical propertiesKinetic parameters:KM=0.055 mM for fibrinogen Ref.9KM=0.064 mM for filaggrinVmax=33.2 µmol/h/mg enzyme toward fibrinogenVmax=8.0 µmol/h/mg enzyme toward filaggrinpH dependence:Optimum pH is 6.5-9.0.
Research Articles on PAD4
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Products associated with PAD4 recombinant protein
Pathways associated with PAD4 recombinant protein
Diseases associated with PAD4 recombinant protein
Organs/Tissues associated with PAD4 recombinant protein
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