SHP-1 Antibody – Rabbit

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Modulates signaling by tyrosine phosphorylated cell surface receptors such as KIT and the EGF receptor/EGFR. The SH2 regions may interact with other cellular components to modulate its own phosphatase activity against interacting substrates. Together with MTUS1, induces UBE2V2 expression upon angiotensin II stimulation. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis. Ref.20

Catalytic activity: Protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.

Subunit structure: Monomer. Interacts with MTUS1

By similarity. Interacts with MILR1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated). Interacts with KIT

By similarity. Binds PTPNS1, LILRB1 and LILRB2. Interacts with FCRL2, FCRL3, FCRL4, CD300LF, CDK2 and CD84. Interacts with KIR2DL1; the interaction is enhanced by ARRB2. Interacts (via SH2 1 domain) with ROS1; the interaction is direct and promotes ROS1 dephosphorylation. Interacts with EGFR; inhibits EGFR-dependent activation of MAPK/ERK. Interacts with LYN. Interacts with the tyrosine phosphorylated form of PDPK1. Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.29

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note: In neurons, translocates into the nucleus after treatment with angiotensin II

By similarity. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus via its association with PDPK1. Ref.26 Ref.29

Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 is expressed in hematopoietic cells. Isoform 2 is expressed in non-hematopoietic cells.

Domain: The N-terminal SH2 domain functions as an auto-inhibitory domain, blocking the catalytic domain in the ligand-free close conformation. Ref.31 Ref.33

Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Binding of KITLG/SCF to KIT increases tyrosine phosphorylation

By similarity. Phosphorylation at Tyr-564 enhances phosphatase activity. Ref.13 Ref.17

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 2 subfamily.Contains 2 SH2 domains.Contains 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain.