Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate 3-Phosphatase and Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase PTEN (Pten) (PTEN\r) Mouse Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a phosphatase with dual activity against phospholipids and proteins, and acts as a tumor-suppressor. The protein contains four structural domains, a PIP2-binding domain, a catalytic tensin-type phosphatase domain, a C2 tensin-type domain and a PDZ-binding domain. The protein belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase family. Deletion of this gene in mice contribute to tumorigenesis in multiple tissues. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement (). Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival. The unphosphorylated form cooperates with AIP1 to suppress AKT1 activation. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation. Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. May be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. The nuclear monoubiquitinated form possesses greater apoptotic potential, whereas the cytoplasmic nonubiquitinated form induces less tumor suppressive ability.