Beta-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 2 (B4GALT2) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. The enzyme encoded by this gene synthesizes N-acetyllactosamine in glycolipids and glycoproteins. Its substrate specificity is affected by alpha-lactalbumin but it is not expressed in lactating mammary tissue. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

B4GALT2: Responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids. Can produce lactose. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Glycan Metabolism - keratan sulfate biosynthesis; Glycan Metabolism - glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series; EC 2.4.1.90; EC 2.4.1.38; Glycan Metabolism - N-glycan biosynthesis; Membrane protein, integral; Carbohydrate Metabolism - galactose; EC 2.4.1.22; Transferase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p34-p33

Cellular Component: Golgi membrane; integral to membrane

Molecular Function: beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity; N-acetyllactosamine synthase activity; metal ion binding; lactose synthase activity; galactosyltransferase activity

Biological Process: keratan sulfate metabolic process; cellular protein metabolic process; glycosaminoglycan metabolic process; keratan sulfate biosynthetic process; carbohydrate metabolic process; protein amino acid N-linked glycosylation via asparagine; pathogenesis; post-translational protein modification