Histone H2B Type 1-A (HIST1H2BA) Human Recombinant Protein

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a testis/sperm-specific member of the histone H2B family. Transcripts from this gene contain a palindromic termination element. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]

Variant histone specifically required to direct the transformation of dissociating nucleosomes to protamine in male germ cells (). Entirely replaces classical histone H2B prior nucleosome to protamine transition and probably acts as a nucleosome dissociating factor that creates a more dynamic chromatin, facilitating the large-scale exchange of histones (). Core component of nucleosome (). Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template (). Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability (). DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (). Also found in fat cells, its function and the presence of post-translational modifications specific to such cells are still unclear (PubMed:21249133).