LRP1 Cluster III, Chimax Fc Fusion Protein (LRP1) Human Protein

This gene encodes a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed by furin to generate 515 kDa and 85 kDa subunits that form the mature receptor (PMID: 8546712). This receptor is involved in several cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, lipid homeostasis, and clearance of apoptotic cells. In addition, the encoded protein is necessary for the alpha 2-macroglobulin-mediated clearance of secreted amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloid, the main component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer patients. Expression of this gene decreases with age and has been found to be lower than controls in brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease patients. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

LRP1: a receptor involved in endocytosis, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and neural signaling. Modulates cellular events including APP metabolism, kinase-dependent intracellular signaling, neuronal calcium signaling and neurotransmission. Involved in the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and activated alpha 2-macroglobulin, as well as the local metabolism of complexes between plasminogen activators and their endogenous inhibitors. Plays a fundamental role in cellular signaling pathways in the brain. Mediates neural NMDA gating via a complex of LRP1, PSD-95 and NMDAR. A type I membrane protein. After cleavage, the intracellular domain (LRPICD) is detected both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Most abundant in liver, brain and lung.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cell surface; Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc.

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q13.3

Cellular Component: focal adhesion; cell soma; clathrin-coated vesicle; integral to plasma membrane; lysosomal membrane; dendrite; cytoplasm; nucleolus; plasma membrane; coated pit; receptor complex; endosome

Molecular Function: protein binding; lipoprotein transporter activity; protease binding; protein complex binding; apolipoprotein binding; receptor activity; calcium ion binding

Biological Process: phototransduction, visible light; cholesterol metabolic process; receptor-mediated endocytosis; regulation of phospholipase A2 activity; negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; lipoprotein metabolic process; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; positive regulation of protein transport; positive regulation of lipid transport; cell proliferation; lipoprotein transport; regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; protein kinase C activation; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; retinoid metabolic process; regulation of cholesterol transport; apoptotic cell clearance; aging