CD209: Pathogen-recognition receptor expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response. Thought to mediate the endocytosis of pathogens which are subsequently degraded in lysosomal compartments. The receptor returns to the cell membrane surface and the pathogen-derived antigens are presented to resting T-cells via MHC class II proteins to initiate the adaptive immune response. Probably recognizes in a calcium-dependent manner high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides in a variety of pathogen antigens, including HIV-1 gp120, HIV-2 gp120, SIV gp120, ebolavirus glycoproteins, cytomegalovirus gB, HCV E2, dengue virus gE, Leishmania pifanoi LPG, Lewis-x antigen in Helicobacter pylori LPS, mannose in Klebsiella pneumonae LPS, di-mannose and tri- mannose in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ManLAM and Lewis-x antigen in Schistosoma mansoni SEA. Homotetramer. Binds to many viral surface glycoproteins such as HIV-1 gp120, HIV-2 gp120, SIV gp120, ebolavirus envelope glycoproteins, cytomegalovirus gB, HCV E2 and dengue virus major envelope protein E. Predominantly expressed in dendritic cells and in DC-residing tissues. Also found in placental macrophages, endothelial cells of placental vascular channels, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and THP-1 monocytes. 13 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
Protein type: Membrane protein, integral
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13
Cellular Component: cell surface; membrane; cytoplasm; integral to membrane; plasma membrane
Molecular Function: mannose binding; protein binding; peptide antigen binding; metal ion binding; virion binding; carbohydrate binding
Biological Process: cell-cell recognition; heterophilic cell adhesion; antigen processing and presentation; leukocyte adhesion; virus-host interaction; regulation of T cell proliferation; innate immune response; peptide antigen transport; endocytosis; viral genome replication; virion attachment to host cell surface receptor
Disease: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Susceptibility To; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Susceptibility To
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