Tyrosine Phosphatase Non Receptor Type-6 (PTPN6) Active Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. N-terminal part of this PTP contains two tandem Src homolog (SH2) domains, which act as protein phospho-tyrosine binding domains, and mediate the interaction of this PTP with its substrates. This PTP is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells, and functions as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways in hematopoietic cells. This PTP has been shown to interact with, and dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of phospho-proteins involved in hematopoietic cell signaling. Multiple alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode distinct isoforms, have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

SHP-1: an SH2-containing ubiquitously expressed tyrosine-specific protein phosphatase. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis. Directly links growth factor receptors and other signaling proteins through protein-tyrosine phosphorylation. The SH2 regions may interact with other cellular components to modulate its own phosphatase activity against interacting substrates. Three alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Protein phosphatase, tyrosine (non-receptor); EC 3.1.3.48

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12p13

Cellular Component: membrane; cytoplasm; nucleolus; alpha-beta T cell receptor complex; intercellular junction; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein binding; phosphotyrosine binding; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; SH2 domain binding; protein kinase binding; SH3 domain binding

Biological Process: negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; apoptosis; protein amino acid dephosphorylation; negative regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin; negative regulation of cell proliferation; B cell receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of T cell proliferation; negative regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell proliferation; abortive mitotic cell cycle; cell differentiation; negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; cell proliferation; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; T cell costimulation; regulation of B cell differentiation; platelet formation; blood coagulation; leukocyte migration