Dynein, Light Chain, Tctex-Type 1 (DYNLT1) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a component of the motor complex, cytoplasmic dynein, which transports cellular cargo along microtubules in the cell. The encoded protein regulates the length of primary cilia which are sensory organelles found on the surface of cells. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with viral proteins, like the minor capsid protein L2 of human papillomavirus, and is required for dynein-mediated delivery of the viral nucleic acid to the host nucleus. This protein interacts with oncogenic nucleoporins to disrupt gene regulation and cause leukemic transformation. Pseudogenes of this gene are present on chromosomes 4 and 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

DYNLT1: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia. Is involved in intracellular targeting of D-type retrovirus gag polyproteins to the cytoplasmic assembly site. May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Homodimer (Probable). The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non- catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with RHO. Interacts with DOC2A, DOC2B and SCN10A. Interacts with PVR. Interacts with SVIL isoform 2. Interacts with BMPR2. Interacts with GNB1; the interaction occurs in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma; the interaction diminishes the association of DYNLT1 with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Interacts with GNB2, GNB3 and GNB5; the interactions occur in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma. Interacts with human papillomavirus 16 L2 protein; this interaction is essential for virus intracellular transport during entry. Expressed in heart, placenta, skeletal muscle kidney, pancreas, spleen, prostate, testis, ovary, ileum and colon. Expressed in lung endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Microtubule-binding; Motor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6q25.2-q25.3

Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; microtubule; cytoplasmic dynein complex; spindle

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; motor activity

Biological Process: intracellular transport of viral proteins in host cell; mitosis; entry of virus into host cell; establishment of mitotic spindle orientation; metabolic process; cell division; neurite morphogenesis; regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; negative regulation of neurogenesis; regulation of cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis