Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 4 (GSTM4) Human Recombinant Protein

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Diversification of these genes has occurred in regions encoding substrate-binding domains, as well as in tissue expression patterns, to accommodate an increasing number of foreign compounds. Multiple transcript variants, each encoding a distinct protein isoform, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GSTM4: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Active on 1- chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Other Amino Acids Metabolism - glutathione; Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450; Xenobiotic Metabolism - drug metabolism - cytochrome P450; Transferase; EC 2.5.1.18

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1p13.3

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; cytosol

Molecular Function: protein homodimerization activity; enzyme binding; glutathione binding; glutathione transferase activity

Biological Process: glutathione metabolic process; nitrobenzene metabolic process; xenobiotic metabolic process; xenobiotic catabolic process