Sarcoma Viral Oncogene (KRAS 2B) Human Kirsten Rat Recombinant Protein

This gene, a Kirsten ras oncogene homolog from the mammalian ras gene family, encodes a protein that is a member of the small GTPase superfamily. A single amino acid substitution is responsible for an activating mutation. The transforming protein that results is implicated in various malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenoma, ductal carcinoma of the pancreas and colorectal carcinoma. Alternative splicing leads to variants encoding two isoforms that differ in the C-terminal region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

KRas: Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Interacts with PHLPP. Interacts (active GTP-bound form preferentially) with RGS14. Alternate between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase- activating protein (GAP). Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: G protein; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Oncoprotein; G protein, monomeric, Ras; G protein, monomeric

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12p12.1

Cellular Component: extrinsic to internal side of plasma membrane; focal adhesion; membrane; mitochondrion; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; cytosol; lipid raft

Molecular Function: protein binding; GDP binding; GTP binding; GMP binding; protein complex binding; LRR domain binding

Biological Process: regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; axon guidance; activation of MAPKK activity; nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; positive regulation of cell proliferation; visual learning; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; MAPKKK cascade; social behavior; response to mineralocorticoid stimulus; regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic; positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction; negative regulation of cell differentiation; Ras protein signal transduction; insulin receptor signaling pathway; innate immune response; striated muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; blood coagulation; leukocyte migration

Disease: Bladder Cancer; Gastric Cancer, Hereditary Diffuse; Pancreatic Cancer; Noonan Syndrome 3; Leukemia, Acute Myeloid; Lung Cancer; Breast Cancer; Schimmelpenning-feuerstein-mims Syndrome; Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome 2