Glycine Amidinotransferase (GATM) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that belongs to the amidinotransferase family. This enzyme is involved in creatine biosynthesis, whereby it catalyzes the transfer of a guanido group from L-arginine to glycine, resulting in guanidinoacetic acid, the immediate precursor of creatine. Mutations in this gene cause arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency, an inborn error of creatine synthesis characterized by mental retardation, language impairment, and behavioral disorders. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GATM: Catalyzes the biosynthesis of guanidinoacetate, the immediate precursor of creatine. Creatine plays a vital role in energy metabolism in muscle tissues. May play a role in embryonic and central nervous system development. May be involved in the response to heart failure by elevating local creatine synthesis. Defects in GATM are the cause of arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency (AGAT deficiency). AGAT deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by developmental delay/regression, mental retardation, severe disturbance of expressive and cognitive speech, and severe depletion of creatine/phosphocreatine in the brain. Belongs to the amidinotransferase family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Transferase; Amino Acid Metabolism - glycine, serine and threonine; EC 2.1.4.1; Mitochondrial; Amino Acid Metabolism - arginine and proline

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 15q21.1

Cellular Component: mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrial intermembrane space

Molecular Function: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines; glycine amidinotransferase activity

Biological Process: response to mercury ion; response to peptide hormone stimulus; creatine biosynthetic process; tissue regeneration; response to oxidative stress; creatine metabolic process; response to nutrient

Disease: Cerebral Creatine Deficiency Syndrome 3