Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (PTGDS) Human Recombinant Protein

The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase that catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to postaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator as well as a trophic factor in the central nervous system. PGD2 is also involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. This gene is preferentially expressed in brain. Studies with transgenic mice overexpressing this gene suggest that this gene may be also involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PTGDS: Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system. Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.

Protein type: Isomerase; Secreted, signal peptide; Endoplasmic reticulum; Secreted; Lipid Metabolism - arachidonic acid; EC 5.3.99.2

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 9q34.2-q34.3

Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; extracellular space; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; nuclear membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular region

Molecular Function: retinoid binding; prostaglandin-D synthase activity; transporter activity; fatty acid binding

Biological Process: transport; cyclooxygenase pathway; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; arachidonic acid metabolic process; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep