Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. This enzyme acts on multiple tryptophan substrates including D-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. This enzyme is thought to play a role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as antimicrobial and antitumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation, and antioxidant activity. Through its expression in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages this enzyme modulates T-cell behavior by its peri-cellular catabolization of the essential amino acid tryptophan.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]

INDO: Catalyzes the cleavage of the pyrrol ring of tryptophan and incorporates both atoms of a molecule of oxygen. Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.

Protein type: EC 1.13.11.52; Amino Acid Metabolism - tryptophan; Oxidoreductase; Cell cycle regulation

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8p12-p11

Cellular Component: smooth muscle contractile fiber; stereocilium bundle; cytosol

Molecular Function: electron carrier activity; metal ion binding; heme binding; indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity; tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Biological Process: regulation of activated T cell proliferation; positive regulation of T-helper 2 type immune response; positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response; negative regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine; response to lipopolysaccharide; female pregnancy; negative regulation of T cell proliferation; cytokine production during acute inflammatory response; tryptophan catabolic process; multicellular organismal response to stress; positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction