Dystroglycan (DAG1) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes dystroglycan, a central component of dystrophin-glycoprotein complex that links the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton in the skeletal muscle. The encoded preproprotein undergoes O- and N-glycosylation, and proteolytic processing to generate alpha and beta subunits. Certain mutations in this gene are known to cause distinct forms of muscular dystrophy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, all encoding the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

The dystroglycan complex is involved in a number of processes including laminin and basement membrane assembly, sarcolemmal stability, cell survival, peripheral nerve myelination, nodal structure, cell migration, and epithelial polarization.Alpha-dystroglycan is an extracellular peripheral glycoprotein that acts as a receptor for both extracellular matrix proteins containing laminin-G domains. Receptor for laminin-2 (LAMA2) and agrin in peripheral nerve Schwann cells.Beta-dystroglycan is a transmembrane protein that plays important roles in connecting the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. Acts as a cell adhesion receptor in both muscle and non-muscle tissues. Receptor for both DMD and UTRN and, through these interactions, scaffolds axin to the cytoskeleton. Also functions in cell adhesion-mediated signaling and implicated in cell polarity.(Microbial infection) Alpha-dystroglycan acts as a receptor for lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein and class C new-world arenaviruses (PubMed:16254364, PubMed:19324387, PubMed:17360738). Alpha-dystroglycan acts as a Schwann cell receptor for Mycobacterium leprae, the causative organism of leprosy, but only in the presence of the G-domain of LAMA2 (PubMed:9851927).