Polymerase II Polypeptide E (POLR2E) Human Recombinant Protein

This gene encodes the fifth largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. This subunit is shared by the other two DNA-directed RNA polymerases and is present in two-fold molar excess over the other polymerase subunits. An interaction between this subunit and a hepatitis virus transactivating protein has been demonstrated, suggesting that interaction between transcriptional activators and the polymerase can occur through this subunit. A pseudogene is located on chromosome 11. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

POLR2E: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, POLR2E/RPB5 is part of the lower jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template. Seems to be the major component in this process. Belongs to the archaeal RpoH/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 19p13.3

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; DNA-directed RNA polymerase III complex; DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex; cytosol; nucleus; DNA-directed RNA polymerase I complex

Molecular Function: protein binding; DNA binding; DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity

Biological Process: transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; termination of RNA polymerase III transcription; viral reproduction; somatic stem cell maintenance; positive regulation of viral transcription; RNA splicing; RNA elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter; transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter; termination of RNA polymerase I transcription; DNA repair; regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter; nuclear mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; mRNA capping; nucleotide-excision repair; negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair; RNA elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of interferon type I production; innate immune response; gene expression; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter; RNA elongation from RNA polymerase III promoter