Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP-4) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family of proteins, which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. Members of the BMP family play an important role in bone and cartilage development. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. Mutations in this gene are associated with orofacial cleft and microphthalmia in human patients. The encoded protein may also be involved in the pathology of multiple cardiovascular diseases and human cancers. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

BMP4: Induces cartilage and bone formation. Also act in mesoderm induction, tooth development, limb formation and fracture repair. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with GREM2. Part of a complex consisting of TWSG1 and CHRD. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3; the interaction with either inhibits BMP4-mediated signaling. The HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition. Interacts with SOSTDC1. Expressed in the lung and lower levels seen in the kidney. Present also in normal and neoplastic prostate tissues, and prostate cancer cell lines. Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q22-q23

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; extracellular region; extracellular space; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: chemoattractant activity; cytokine activity; growth factor activity; heparin binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPKK activity; alveolus development; anatomical structure regression; anterior/posterior axis specification; blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation during sprouting angiogenesis; BMP signaling pathway; branching morphogenesis of a tube; chondrocyte differentiation; cloacal septation; common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation; dorsoventral neural tube patterning; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; embryonic digit morphogenesis; embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis; endochondral ossification; erythrocyte differentiation; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; germ cell development; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; inner ear receptor cell differentiation; intermediate mesodermal cell differentiation; kidney development; lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation; macrophage differentiation; mesodermal cell fate determination; mesonephros development; monocyte differentiation; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of cell cycle; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of mitosis; negative regulation of myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of phosphorylation; negative regulation of striated muscle development; negative regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; neural tube closure; neuron fate commitment; odontogenesis; odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; osteoblast differentiation; ovarian follicle development; pituitary gland development; positive chemotaxis; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway; positive regulation of bone mineralization; positive regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development; positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of epidermal cell differentiation; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of ossification; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein binding; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; post-embryonic development; regulation of cell fate commitment; regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; regulation of protein import into nucleus; regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation; renal system process; response to estradiol stimulus; response to glucocorticoid stimulus; response to retinoic acid; response to testosterone stimulus; retina development in camera-type eye; smooth muscle development; smoothened signaling pathway; specification of organ position; steroid hormone mediated signaling; telencephalon development; telencephalon regionalization; tongue morphogenesis; ureteric bud branching; ureteric bud development; wound healing

Disease: Microphthalmia, Syndromic 6; Orofacial Cleft 11