Angiotensinogen (AGT) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

angiotensin: Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. In response to lowered blood pressure, the enzyme renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-1 (angiotensin 1-10). Angiotensin-1 is a substrate of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) that removes a dipeptide to yield the physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8). Angiotensin-1 and angiotensin-2 can be further processed to generate angiotensin-3 (angiotensin 2-8), angiotensin-4 (angiotensin 3-8). Angiotensin 1-7 is cleaved from angiotensin-2 by ACE2 or from angiotensin-1 by MME (neprilysin). Angiotensin 1-9 is cleaved from angiotensin-1 by ACE2. Genetic variations in AGT are a cause of susceptibility to essential hypertension (EHT). Essential hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is consistently higher than normal with no identifiable cause. Defects in AGT are a cause of renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD). RTD is an autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). Belongs to the serpin family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q42.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; extracellular region; extracellular space

Molecular Function: growth factor activity; hormone activity; protein binding; serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity; sodium channel regulator activity; superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activator activity; type 1 angiotensin receptor binding; type 2 angiotensin receptor binding

Biological Process: activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase; aging; angiotensin maturation; angiotensin mediated drinking behavior; angiotensin mediated regulation of renal output; angiotensin mediated vasoconstriction involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; artery smooth muscle contraction; astrocyte activation; blood vessel development; blood vessel remodeling; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; cell-cell signaling; cell-matrix adhesion; cellular lipid metabolic process; cellular protein metabolic process; cellular sodium ion homeostasis; cytokine secretion; establishment of blood-nerve barrier; excretion; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; female pregnancy; fibroblast proliferation; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; G-protein signaling, coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger; G-protein signaling, coupled to IP3 second messenger (phospholipase C activating); kidney development; negative regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; negative regulation of tissue remodeling; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; ovarian follicle rupture; peristalsis; phospholipase C activation; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of cytokine production; positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade; positive regulation of multicellular organism growth; positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of organ growth; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; positive regulation of superoxide release; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of vasodilation; regulation of blood pressure; regulation of calcium ion transport; regulation of cell growth; regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of heart rate; regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; regulation of norepinephrine secretion; regulation of transmission of nerve impulse; regulation of vasoconstriction; renal response to blood flow during renin-angiotensin regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; renal system process; renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production; renin-angiotensin regulation of blood vessel size; renin-angiotensin regulation of blood volume; response to cold; response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation; response to salt stress; smooth muscle cell differentiation; smooth muscle cell proliferation; stress-activated MAPK cascade; ureteric bud branching; vasodilation

Disease: Hypertension, Essential; Renal Tubular Dysgenesis