Cytochrome B-245 Heavy Chain (CYBB) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Cytochrome b (-245) is composed of cytochrome b alpha (CYBA) and beta (CYBB) chain. It has been proposed as a primary component of the microbicidal oxidase system of phagocytes. CYBB deficiency is one of five described biochemical defects associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). In this disorder, there is decreased activity of phagocyte NADPH oxidase; neutrophils are able to phagocytize bacteria but cannot kill them in the phagocytic vacuoles. The cause of the killing defect is an inability to increase the cell's respiration and consequent failure to deliver activated oxygen into the phagocytic vacuole. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CYBB: Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. It participates in the regulation of cellular pH and is blocked by zinc. Defects in CYBB are a cause of granulomatous disease,chronic, X-linked (CGD). A disorder characterized by the inability of neutrophils and phagocytes to kill microbes that they have ingested. Patients suffer from life- threatening bacterial/fungal infections. Defects in CYBB are a cause of mycobacteriosis atypical X-linked type 2 (AMCBX2). A rare condition characterized by predisposition to illness caused by moderately virulent mycobacterial species, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine and environmental non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and by the more virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Other microorganisms rarely cause severe clinical disease in individuals with susceptibility to mycobacterial infections.

Protein type: Oxidoreductase; Membrane protein, integral; Mitochondrial; EC 1.-.-.-; Membrane protein, multi-pass

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xp21.1

Cellular Component: integral to plasma membrane; mitochondrion; NADPH oxidase complex; phagocytic vesicle membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: electron carrier activity; FAD binding; heme binding; metal ion binding; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity; superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity; voltage-gated ion channel activity

Biological Process: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent; antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I; cell redox homeostasis; hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process; inflammatory response; innate immune response; ion transport; respiratory burst; small GTPase mediated signal transduction; superoxide metabolic process; superoxide release; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Disease: Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, X-linked; Immunodeficiency 34