DHX58 Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

DHX58: Acts as a regulator of DDX58/RIG-I and IFIH1/MDA5 mediated antiviral signaling. Cannot initiate antiviral signaling as it lacks the CARD domain required for activating MAVS/IPS1- dependent signaling events. Can have both negative and positive regulatory functions related to DDX58/RIG-I and IFIH1/MDA5 signaling and this role in regulating signaling may be complex and could probably depend on characteristics of the infecting virus or target cells, or both. Its inhibitory action on DDX58/RIG-I signaling may involve the following mechanisms: competition with DDX58/RIG-I for binding to the viral RNA, binding to DDX58/RIG-I and inhibiting its dimerization and interaction with MAVS/IPS1, competing with IKBKE in its binding to MAVS/IPS1 thereby inhibiting activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Its positive regulatory role may involve unwinding or stripping nucleoproteins of viral RNA thereby facilitating their recognition by DDX58/RIG-I and IFIH1/MDA5. Involved in the innate immune response to various RNA viruses and some DNA viruses such as poxviruses, and also to the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Can bind both ssRNA and dsRNA, with a higher affinity for dsRNA. Shows a preference to 5'-triphosphorylated RNA, although it can recognize RNA lacking a 5'-triphosphate. Belongs to the helicase family. RLR subfamily.

Protein type: Helicase; EC 3.6.4.13; Inhibitor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q21.2

Cellular Component: cytoplasm

Molecular Function: protein binding; single-stranded RNA binding; DNA binding; zinc ion binding; double-stranded RNA binding; helicase activity; ATP binding

Biological Process: viral reproduction; negative regulation of innate immune response; metabolic process; response to virus; positive regulation of interferon type I production; innate immune response; defense response to virus; negative regulation of interferon type I production; regulation of innate immune response