ACHE Human Recombinant Protein

Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single ACHE gene, and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing, and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACHE: Terminates signal transduction at the neuromuscular junction by rapid hydrolysis of the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft. Role in neuronal apoptosis. Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Hydrolase; Membrane protein, GPI anchor; Lipid Metabolism - glycerophospholipid; EC 3.1.1.7

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7q22

Cellular Component: Golgi apparatus; extracellular space; cell surface; membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular region; plasma membrane; synapse; basal lamina; neuromuscular junction; nucleus; cell junction

Molecular Function: collagen binding; serine hydrolase activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein self-association; cholinesterase activity; hydrolase activity; beta-amyloid binding; laminin binding; acetylcholinesterase activity; acetylcholine binding

Biological Process: negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic; nervous system development; muscle development; acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft; acetylcholine catabolic process; glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process; osteoblast development; synaptic transmission; cell proliferation; synaptogenesis; positive regulation of protein secretion; amyloid precursor protein metabolic process; retina development in camera-type eye; phospholipid metabolic process; neurotransmitter receptor biosynthetic process; receptor internalization; response to wounding; phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process; regulation of receptor recycling; DNA replication; cell adhesion; protein tetramerization; neurotransmitter biosynthetic process

Disease: Yt Blood Group Antigen