Oxiselect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) ELISA Kit

Background: Lipoproteins are submicroscopic particles composed of lipid and protein held together by noncovalent forces. Their general structure is that of a putative spheroidal microemulsion formed from an outer layer of phospholipids, unesterified cholesterol, and proteins, with a core of neutral lipids, predominately cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols (TAG). High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is a spherical particle with diameter of about 10 nm (Figure 1). HDL contains the Apoliprotein AI and AII molecules. HDL and LDL cholesterol levels in the blood are important indicators of many disease states. High blood levels of LDLs are associated with health problems and cardiovascular disease. For this reason, LDL is often referred to as the "bad cholesterol." LDL particles that accumulate within arteries can form plaques over time, which can increase chances of a stroke, heart attack, or vascular disease. HDL particles are able to remove cholesterol from within arteries and transport it back to the liver for re-utilization or excretion, which is the main reason why the cholesterol carried within HDL particles is sometimes called "good cholesterol" for its cardioprotective properties. Monitoring circulatory levels of different lipoproteins is critical to the identification of lipid transport disorders such as atherosclerosis. When HDL becomes oxidized (OxHDL) it loses its cardioprotective properties and becomes dangerous to cells. HDL oxidation affects both its lipid and protein components: reactive aldehyde products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), are formed during the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and are capable of attaching covalently to the epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues of Apo AI or Apo AII, forming MDA-Lys and HNE-Lys adducts (MDA-HDL and HNE-HDL). Oxidation of HDL causes a reduction in the ability of HDL to promote cellular cholesterol efflux through the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) pathway. Furthermore, treatment of monocytes and macrophages with OxHDL results in release of TNF alpha (a proinflammatory molecule), oxidative stress, and cytotoxicity. Similarly, OxHDL treatment of rat mesangial cells results in increased reactive oxygen species output, increased expression of TNF alpha as well as increased mesangial cell apoptosis. The OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL ELISA Kit is an enzyme immunoassay developed for the detection and quantitation of human OxHDL in plasma, serum or other biological fluid samples. The kit contains an HNE-HDL standard and has a detection sensitivity limit of 2 ng/mL. Each kit provides sufficient reagents to perform up to 96 assays including standard curve and unknown samples.

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Small volumes of OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) elisa kit vial(s) may occasionally become entrapped in the seal of the product vial during shipment and storage. If necessary, briefly centrifuge the vial on a tabletop centrifuge to dislodge any liquid in the container`s cap. Certain products may require to ship with dry ice and additional dry ice fee may apply.

MBS168832 is a ready-to-use microwell, strip-or-full plate ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) Kit for analyzing the presence of the OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) ELISA Kit target analytes in biological samples. The concentration gradients of the kit standards or positive controls render a theoretical kit detection range in biological research samples containing OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation). The ELISA analytical biochemical technique of the MBS168832 kit is based on OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) antibody-OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) antigen interactions (immunosorbency) and an HRP colorimetric detection system to detect OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation) antigen targets in samples. The ELISA Kit is designed to detect native, not recombinant, OxiSelect Human Oxidized HDL (HNE-HDL Quantitation). Appropriate sample types may include undiluted body fluids and/or tissue homogenates, secretions. Quality control assays assessing reproducibility identified the intra-assay CV (%) and inter-assay CV(%).