Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Native Protein, Human Serum

The protein encoded by this gene is an endocytic receptor involved in several cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, lipid homeostasis, and clearance of apoptotic cells. In addition, the encoded protein is necessary for the A2M-mediated clearance of secreted amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloid, the main component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer patients. Expression of this gene decreases with age and has been found to be lower than controls in brain tissue from Alzheimer patients. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

LRP1: a receptor involved in endocytosis, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and neural signaling. Modulates cellular events including APP metabolism, kinase-dependent intracellular signaling, neuronal calcium signaling and neurotransmission. Involved in the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and activated alpha 2-macroglobulin, as well as the local metabolism of complexes between plasminogen activators and their endogenous inhibitors. Plays a fundamental role in cellular signaling pathways in the brain. Mediates neural NMDA gating via a complex of LRP1, PSD-95 and NMDAR. A type I membrane protein. After cleavage, the intracellular domain (LRPICD) is detected both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Most abundant in liver, brain and lung.

Protein type: Receptor, misc.; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis; Cell surface; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 12q13.3

Cellular Component: focal adhesion; clathrin-coated vesicle; cell soma; lysosomal membrane; integral to plasma membrane; dendrite; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; nucleolus; coated pit; receptor complex; endosome

Molecular Function: protein binding; lipoprotein transporter activity; protease binding; protein complex binding; apolipoprotein binding; receptor activity; calcium ion binding

Biological Process: receptor-mediated endocytosis; phototransduction, visible light; cholesterol metabolic process; regulation of phospholipase A2 activity; negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; lipoprotein metabolic process; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; positive regulation of protein transport; positive regulation of lipid transport; cell proliferation; lipoprotein transport; regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; protein kinase C activation; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; retinoid metabolic process; regulation of cholesterol transport; apoptotic cell clearance; aging