BMP-4 Picokine (BMP4) ELISA Kit for Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of regulatory proteins that plays an important role in the process of bone and cartilage development. The encoded preproprotein undergoes proteolytic processing to generate a disulfide linked homodimeric glycoprotein. Mice lacking the encoded protein die in utero. Transgenic mice overexpressing the encoded protein in a neuron-specific manner exhibit a phenotype resembling the rare hereditary connective tissue disease, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on the X chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

BMP4: Induces cartilage and bone formation. Also act in mesoderm induction, tooth development, limb formation and fracture repair. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with GREM2. Part of a complex consisting of TWSG1 and CHRD. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3; the interaction with either inhibits BMP4-mediated signaling. The HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition. Interacts with SOSTDC1. Expressed in the lung and lower levels seen in the kidney. Present also in normal and neoplastic prostate tissues, and prostate cancer cell lines. Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; extracellular region; extracellular space; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: chemoattractant activity; cytokine activity; growth factor activity; heparin binding; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPKK activity; alveolus development; anatomical structure formation; angiogenesis; anterior/posterior axis specification; blood vessel development; blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation during sprouting angiogenesis; BMP signaling pathway; branching morphogenesis of a tube; camera-type eye development; camera-type eye morphogenesis; cardiac muscle cell differentiation; cartilage development; cell differentiation; cell fate commitment; chondrocyte differentiation; common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation; dorsoventral neural tube patterning; embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis; embryonic digit morphogenesis; embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis; embryonic limb morphogenesis; embryonic morphogenesis; embryonic skeletal development; embryonic skeletal morphogenesis; endochondral ossification; erythrocyte differentiation; eye development; forebrain development; germ cell development; growth; heart development; hemopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; induction of an organ; inner ear receptor cell differentiation; intermediate mesodermal cell differentiation; kidney development; lung development; lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation; macrophage differentiation; mesoderm formation; mesodermal cell differentiation; mesodermal cell fate determination; metanephros development; monocyte differentiation; multicellular organismal development; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of cell cycle; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of mitosis; negative regulation of myoblast differentiation; negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; negative regulation of phosphorylation; negative regulation of striated muscle development; negative regulation of T cell differentiation in the thymus; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; neural tube closure; neuron fate commitment; odontogenesis; odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; ossification; osteoblast differentiation; ovarian follicle development; pituitary gland development; positive chemotaxis; positive regulation of apoptosis; positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway; positive regulation of bone mineralization; positive regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development; positive regulation of cell differentiation; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of epidermal cell differentiation; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of neuron differentiation; positive regulation of ossification; positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein binding; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; post-embryonic development; regulation of cell differentiation; regulation of cell fate commitment; regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; regulation of gene expression; regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; regulation of protein import into nucleus; regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation; regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; renal system process; skeletal development; smooth muscle cell differentiation; smooth muscle development; specification of organ position; steroid hormone mediated signaling; telencephalon development; telencephalon regionalization; tissue development; ureteric bud branching; ureteric bud development; vasculature development