EGFR Antibody – Polyclonal

EGFR: a receptor tyrosine kinase. This is a receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and related growth factors including TGF-alpha, amphiregulin, betacellulin, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, GP30, and vaccinia virus growth factor. EGFR is involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation. It is a single-pass transmembrane tyrosine kinase. Ligand binding to this receptor results in receptor dimerization, autophosphorylation (in trans), activation of various downstream signaling molecules and lysosomal degradation. It can be phosphorylated and activated by Src. Activated EGFR binds the SH2 domain of phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma), activating PLC-gamma-mediated downstream signaling. Phosphorylated EGFR binds Cbl, leading to its ubiquitination and degradation. Grb2 and SHC bind to phospho-EGFR and are involved in the activation of MAP kinase signaling pathways. Phosphorylation on Ser and Thr residues is thought to represent a mechanism for attenuation of EGFR kinase activity. EGFR is overexpressed in breast, head and neck cancers, correlating with poor survival. Activating somatic mutations are seen in lung cancer, corresponding to the minority of patients with strong responses to the EGFR inhibitor Iressa (gefitinib). Mutations and amplifications are also seen in glioblastoma, and upregulation is seen in colon cancer and neoplasms. In xenografts, inhibitors synergize with cytotoxic drugs in the inhibition of many tumor types. Inhibitors include: Iressa/ZD1839, Erbitux, Tarceva, and lapatinib. Four alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); Tumor suppressor; EC 2.7.10.1; Protein kinase, TK; Membrane protein, integral; TK group; EGFR family

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane; cell surface; cytoplasm; early endosome membrane; endocytic vesicle; endoplasmic reticulum; endosome; endosome membrane; focal adhesion; Golgi apparatus; integral to membrane; intracellular; lipid raft; membrane; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane; receptor complex; synapse

Molecular Function: actin filament binding; ATP binding; calmodulin binding; chromatin binding; enzyme binding; epidermal growth factor binding; epidermal growth factor receptor activity; glycoprotein binding; identical protein binding; integrin binding; kinase activity; nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity; nucleotide binding; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity; protein kinase activity; protein kinase binding; protein phosphatase binding; protein-tyrosine kinase activity; receptor binding; receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity; signal transducer activity; transferase activity; transmembrane receptor activity; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPKK activity; astrocyte activation; cell morphogenesis; cell proliferation; cell surface receptor linked signal transduction; cell-cell adhesion; cerebral cortex cell migration; digestive tract morphogenesis; embryonic placenta development; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; epidermis development; G1/S-specific positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity; hair follicle development; learning and/or memory; multicellular organismal development; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle; negative regulation of protein catabolic process; neurite morphogenesis; ovulation cycle; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; phosphorylation; positive regulation of bone resorption; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of DNA repair; positive regulation of DNA replication; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of superoxide release; positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; positive regulation of vasodilation; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; protein amino acid phosphorylation; regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; response to calcium ion; salivary gland morphogenesis; signal transduction; translation; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; wound healing