Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) Antibody – Polyclonal

This gene encodes one of two neuropilins, which contain specific protein domains which allow them to participate in several different types of signaling pathways that control cell migration. Neuropilins contain a large N-terminal extracellular domain, made up of complement-binding, coagulation factor V/VIII, and meprin domains. These proteins also contains a short membrane-spanning domain and a small cytoplasmic domain. Neuropilins bind many ligands and various types of co-receptors; they affect cell survival, migration, and attraction. Some of the ligands and co-receptors bound by neuropilins are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and semaphorin family members. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

NRP1: The membrane-bound isoform 1 is a receptor involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, in angiogenesis, in the formation of certain neuronal circuits and in organogenesis outside the nervous system. It mediates the chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins. It binds to semaphorin 3A, The PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, The VEGF-165 isoform of VEGF and VEGF-B. Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF-165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. It may regulate VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Homodimer, and heterodimer with NRP2. Interacts with FER. Binds PLXNB1. The expression of isoforms 1 and 2 does not seem to overlap. Isoform 1 is expressed by the blood vessels of different tissues. In the developing embryo it is found predominantly in the nervous system. In adult tissues, it is highly expressed in heart and placenta; moderately in lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas; and low in adult brain. Isoform 2 is found in liver hepatocytes, kidney distal and proximal tubules. Belongs to the neuropilin family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc.

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 10p12

Cellular Component: axon; cell soma; cell surface; cytoplasmic vesicle; cytosol; early endosome; extracellular space; focal adhesion; growth cone; integral to membrane; neurofilament; plasma membrane; receptor complex

Molecular Function: coreceptor activity; cytokine binding; growth factor binding; heparin binding; metal ion binding; protein binding; semaphorin receptor activity; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity

Biological Process: angiogenesis; artery morphogenesis; axon extension involved in axon guidance; axon guidance; axonal fasciculation; branchiomotor neuron axon guidance; cell migration during sprouting angiogenesis; cell-cell signaling; dendrite development; facial nerve structural organization; gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal migration to the hypothalamus; hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance; negative regulation of neuron apoptosis; nerve development; neuron migration; organ morphogenesis; otic placode formation; patterning of blood vessels; platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive chemotaxis; positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; response to wounding; retinal ganglion cell axon guidance; signal transduction; sprouting angiogenesis; trigeminal nerve structural organization; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; vestibulocochlear nerve structural organization