WRN Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a member of the RecQ subfamily and the DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) subfamily of DNA and RNA helicases. DNA helicases are involved in many aspects of DNA metabolism, including transcription, replication, recombination, and repair. This protein contains a nuclear localization signal in the C-terminus and shows a predominant nucleolar localization. It possesses an intrinsic 3' to 5' DNA helicase activity, and is also a 3' to 5' exonuclease. Based on interactions between this protein and Ku70/80 heterodimer in DNA end processing, this protein may be involved in the repair of double strand DNA breaks. Defects in this gene are the cause of Werner syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by premature aging. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

WRN: Multifunctional enzyme that has both magnesium and ATP- dependent DNA-helicase activity and 3'->5' exonuclease activity towards double-stranded DNA with a 5'-overhang. Has no nuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA or blunt-ended double- stranded DNA. Binds preferentially to DNA substrates containing alternate secondary structures, such as replication forks and Holliday junctions. May play an important role in the dissociation of joint DNA molecules that can arise as products of homologous recombination, at stalled replication forks or during DNA repair. Alleviates stalling of DNA polymerases at the site of DNA lesions. Important for genomic integrity. Plays a role in the formation of DNA replication focal centers; stably associates with foci elements generating binding sites for RP-A. Monomer, and homooligomer. May exist as homodimer, homotrimer, homotetramer and/or homohexamer. Homotetramer, or homohexamer, when bound to DNA. Interacts via its N-terminal domain with WRNIP1. Interacts with EXO1, PCNA and SUPV3L1. Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.

Protein type: Cell cycle regulation; DNA repair, damage; DNA-binding; EC 3.6.4.12; Helicase; Nucleolus

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 8p12

Cellular Component: centrosome; cytoplasm; MutLalpha complex; nuclear chromosome, telomeric region; nucleolus; nucleoplasm

Molecular Function: 3'-5' DNA helicase activity; 3'-5' exonuclease activity; ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase activity; ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity; ATPase activity; bubble DNA binding; DNA binding; DNA helicase activity; exonuclease activity; four-way junction helicase activity; G-quadruplex DNA binding; helicase activity; magnesium ion binding; manganese ion binding; protein binding; protein complex binding; protein homodimerization activity; Y-form DNA binding

Biological Process: base-excision repair; cell aging; cellular response to starvation; DNA metabolic process; DNA replication; DNA synthesis during DNA repair; double-strand break repair; multicellular organismal aging; nucleolus to nucleoplasm transport; positive regulation of hydrolase activity; protein sumoylation; regulation of apoptosis; replication fork processing; response to DNA damage stimulus; response to oxidative stress; response to UV-C; strand displacement; telomere maintenance; telomere maintenance via recombination

Disease: Werner Syndrome