Sphingosine Kinase Type 1 (SPHK1) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) is a novel lipid messenger with both intracellular and extracellular functions. Intracellularly, it regulates proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, it is a ligand for EDG1 (MIM 601974). Various stimuli increase cellular levels of SPP by activation of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), the enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine. Competitive inhibitors of SPHK block formation of SPP and selectively inhibit cellular proliferation induced by a variety of factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (e.g., MIM 173430) and serum.[supplied by OMIM]

SPHK1: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions. Also acts on D-erythro-sphingosine and to a lesser extent sphinganine, but not other lipids, such as D,L-threo-dihydrosphingosine, N,N-dimethylsphingosine, diacylglycerol, ceramide, or phosphatidylinositol. Interacts with ACY1. Binds to calmodulin. Interacts with SPHKAP. Widely expressed with highest levels in adult liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscle. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Kinase, lipid; Lipid Metabolism - sphingolipid; EC 2.7.1.91

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q25.2

Cellular Component: synaptic vesicle; axon; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; cytosol; nucleus

Molecular Function: D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity; calmodulin binding; protein binding; DNA binding; protein phosphatase 2A binding; sphinganine kinase activity; magnesium ion binding; diacylglycerol kinase activity; ATP binding; NAD+ kinase activity

Biological Process: protein folding; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; female pregnancy; signal transduction; positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle; positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; response to magnesium ion; regulation of interleukin-1 beta production; protein kinase C activation; positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction; inflammatory response; blood vessel development; sphingolipid metabolic process; sphingolipid biosynthetic process; cyclooxygenase pathway; calcium-mediated signaling; sphingosine metabolic process; lipid phosphorylation; cellular response to starvation; positive regulation of cell growth; response to ATP; positive regulation of angiogenesis; cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of protein ubiquitination; brain development; positive regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; response to progesterone stimulus; negative regulation of apoptosis; response to amine stimulus; positive regulation of cell migration; sphingoid catabolic process