Angiotensinogen (AGT) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

angiotensin: Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. In response to lowered blood pressure, the enzyme renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-1 (angiotensin 1-10). Angiotensin-1 is a substrate of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) that removes a dipeptide to yield the physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8). Angiotensin-1 and angiotensin-2 can be further processed to generate angiotensin-3 (angiotensin 2-8), angiotensin-4 (angiotensin 3-8). Angiotensin 1-7 is cleaved from angiotensin-2 by ACE2 or from angiotensin-1 by MME (neprilysin). Angiotensin 1-9 is cleaved from angiotensin-1 by ACE2. Genetic variations in AGT are a cause of susceptibility to essential hypertension (EHT). Essential hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is consistently higher than normal with no identifiable cause. Defects in AGT are a cause of renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD). RTD is an autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). Belongs to the serpin family.

Protein type: Secreted; Secreted, signal peptide

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q42.2

Cellular Component: cytosol; extracellular region; extracellular space

Molecular Function: growth factor activity; hormone activity; protein binding; serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity; type 1 angiotensin receptor binding; type 2 angiotensin receptor binding

Biological Process: activation of phospholipase C activity; aging; angiotensin maturation; angiotensin mediated drinking behavior; artery smooth muscle contraction; blood vessel remodeling; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; cell-cell signaling; cellular sodium ion homeostasis; cytokine secretion; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; female pregnancy; fibroblast proliferation; G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger; kidney development; negative regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of tissue remodeling; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of blood pressure; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of cytokine production; positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; positive regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; positive regulation of superoxide anion generation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; regulation of blood pressure; regulation of blood vessel diameter by renin-angiotensin; regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin; regulation of calcium ion transport; regulation of cell growth; regulation of cell proliferation; regulation of heart rate; regulation of lipid metabolic process; regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; regulation of norepinephrine secretion; regulation of renal output by angiotensin; regulation of transmission of nerve impulse; regulation of vasoconstriction; renal system process; renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production; response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation; smooth muscle cell proliferation; stress-activated MAPK cascade; vasodilation

Disease: Hypertension, Essential; Renal Tubular Dysgenesis