Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (EGFR2) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This protein has no ligand binding domain of its own and therefore cannot bind growth factors. However, it does bind tightly to other ligand-bound EGF receptor family members to form a heterodimer, stabilizing ligand binding and enhancing kinase-mediated activation of downstream signalling pathways, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. Allelic variations at amino acid positions 654 and 655 of isoform a (positions 624 and 625 of isoform b) have been reported, with the most common allele, Ile654/Ile655, shown here. Amplification and/or overexpression of this gene has been reported in numerous cancers, including breast and ovarian tumors. Alternative splicing results in several additional transcript variants, some encoding different isoforms and others that have not been fully characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

HER2: a proto-oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase of the EGFR family. Essential component of a neuregulin-receptor complex, although neuregulins do not interact with it alone. Not activated by EGF, TGF- alpha and amphiregulin. Amplified in breast cancer. Overexpression induces constitutive activity, and the gene is amplified or overexpressed in up to 30% of breast cancers, correlating with poor survival. The antibody Herceptin is approved for treatment of metastatic breast cancer with HER2 amplification/overexpression. Somatic mutations seen in 4% of lung cancers and also in breast, gastric, ovarian cancer and glioblastoma. One SNP shows predisposition to breast and gastric cancer. Inhibitors: Herceptin, lapatinib, PKI-166, EKB-569, CI-1033.

Protein type: EC 2.7.10.1; EGFR family; Kinase, protein; Membrane protein, integral; Oncoprotein; Protein kinase, TK; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); TK group

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q12

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; basolateral plasma membrane; cytosol; endosome membrane; integral component of membrane; myelin sheath; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; plasma membrane; receptor complex

Molecular Function: ATP binding; ErbB-3 class receptor binding; growth factor binding; identical protein binding; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity; protein binding; protein C-terminus binding; protein dimerization activity; protein heterodimerization activity; protein phosphatase binding; protein tyrosine kinase activity; Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity; signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with protein tyrosine kinase activity; transmembrane receptor activity; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity

Biological Process: cell proliferation; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus; cellular response to growth factor stimulus; enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway; ERBB2 signaling pathway; heart development; MAPK cascade; motor axon guidance; myelination; negative regulation of ERBB signaling pathway; negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus; neuromuscular junction development; oligodendrocyte differentiation; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; peripheral nervous system development; phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation; phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade; positive regulation of cell adhesion; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter; positive regulation of translation; protein amino acid phosphorylation; protein autophosphorylation; regulation of angiogenesis; regulation of cell motility; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; regulation of microtubule-based process; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; signal transduction; transcription, DNA-dependent; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; wound healing

Disease: Gastric Cancer; Glioma Susceptibility 1; Lung Cancer