PPAR Gamma (PPARG) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PPAR-gamma: a transcription factor, member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Receptor for hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Preferentially expressed in adipocytes as well as in vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophage. Regulator of adipogenesis and lipid metabolism, modulates insulin sensitivity, cell proliferation and inflammation. Phosphorylated and inhibited by MAP kinase. Heterodimerizes with the retinoid X receptor. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Two splice-variant isoforms have been described.

Protein type: DNA-binding; Nuclear receptor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 3p25

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity; transcription activator binding; zinc ion binding; drug binding; alpha-actinin binding; protein phosphatase binding; arachidonic acid binding; retinoid X receptor binding; protein binding; enzyme binding; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity; DNA binding; prostaglandin receptor activity; sequence-specific DNA binding; steroid hormone receptor activity; estrogen receptor binding; chromatin binding; transcription factor activity

Biological Process: heart development; negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; cell maturation; rhythmic process; lipid homeostasis; glucose homeostasis; response to lipid; response to caffeine; response to vitamin A; positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation; placenta development; long-chain fatty acid transport; organ regeneration; cell fate commitment; monocyte differentiation; negative regulation of acute inflammatory response; regulation of circadian rhythm; response to starvation; negative regulation of telomerase activity; cellular response to insulin stimulus; response to mechanical stimulus; response to estrogen stimulus; lipoprotein transport; brown fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; steroid hormone mediated signaling; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; fatty acid oxidation; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; low-density lipoprotein receptor biosynthetic process; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; signal transduction; epithelial cell differentiation; regulation of blood pressure; response to nutrient; caspase activation; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; response to retinoic acid; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; response to low density lipoprotein stimulus; white fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation; innate immune response; gene expression; response to cold; lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of cell growth

Disease: Obesity; Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness 1; Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial, Type 3; Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-dependent