Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Alpha Kinase 3 (EIF2aK3) Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The protein encoded by this gene phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2, leading to its inactivation, and thus to a rapid reduction of translational initiation and repression of global protein synthesis. This protein is thought to modulate mitochondrial function. It is a type I membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it is induced by ER stress caused by malfolded proteins. Mutations in a similar gene in human are associated with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

PERK: a transmembrane protein kinase of the PEK family resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and is linked to insulin processing. Couples ER stress to translation inhibition. Stress induces autophosphorylation of its kinase domain and increases its activity. Phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha), leading to its inactivation and thus to a rapid reduction of translational initiation and repression of global protein synthesis. A critical effector of unfolded protein response (UPR)-induced G1 growth arrest due to the loss of cyclin d1. Forms dimers with BiP in resting cells. Oligomerizes in ER-stressed cells. LOF mutations cause Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS), characterized by insulin-dependent diabetes in early infancy and, later, multiple system abnormalities. Neuronal death in Alzheimer?s and Parkinson?s diseases is thought to be due to ER stress and has been weakly linked to PEK.

Protein type: EC 2.7.11.1; Kinase, protein; Membrane protein, integral; Other group; PEK family; PEK subfamily; Protein kinase, Other; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Translation

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6|6 C1

Cellular Component: cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; integral component of membrane; membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm

Molecular Function: ATP binding; enzyme binding; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity; Hsp90 protein binding; identical protein binding; kinase activity; nucleotide binding; protein binding; protein kinase activity; protein phosphatase binding; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; transferase activity

Biological Process: activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; angiogenesis; bone mineralization; calcium-mediated signaling; cellular response to amino acid starvation; cellular response to cold; cellular response to glucose starvation; chondrocyte development; eiF2alpha phosphorylation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; endocrine pancreas development; endoplasmic reticulum organization; endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response; ER overload response; fat cell differentiation; insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway; lactation; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of myelination; negative regulation of translation; negative regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; negative regulation of translation in response to stress; ossification; pancreas development; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; PERK-mediated unfolded protein response; phosphorylation; positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; positive regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of protein binding; positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus; positive regulation of signal transduction; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production; protein amino acid phosphorylation; protein autophosphorylation; protein homooligomerization; regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; regulation of fatty acid metabolic process; regulation of translation; regulation of translational initiation by eIF2 alpha phosphorylation; response to unfolded protein; skeletal system development; SREBP signaling pathway; translation