CD98 Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This gene is a member of the solute carrier family and encodes a cell surface, transmembrane protein. The protein exists as the heavy chain of a heterodimer, covalently bound through di-sulfide bonds to one of several possible light chains. The encoded transporter plays a role in regulation of intracellular calcium levels and transports L-type amino acids. Alternatively spliced transcript variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]

SLC3A2: a transmembrane solute carrier protein that transports L-type amino acids and regulates intracellular calcium levels. Involved in sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. Involved in guiding and targeting of LAT1 and LAT2 to the plasma membrane. When associated with SLC7A6 or SLC7A7 acts as an arginine/glutamine exchanger, following an antiport mechanism for amino acid transport, influencing arginine release in exchange for extracellular amino acids. Plays a role in nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via transport of L-arginine. Required for normal and neoplastic cell growth. When associated with SLC7A5, is also involved in the transport of L-DOPA across the blood-brain barrier, and that of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) across the cell membrane in tissues such as placenta. Involved in the uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) when administered as the L-cysteine or D,L-homocysteine complexes, and hence plays a role in metal ion homeostasis and toxicity. When associated with SLC7A5 or SLC7A8, involved in the cellular activity of small molecular weight nitrosothiols, via the stereoselective transport of L- nitrosocysteine (L-CNSO) across the transmembrane. Together with ICAM1, regulates the transport activity LAT2 in polarized intestinal cells, by generating and delivering intracellular signals. When associated with SLC7A5, plays an important role in transporting L-leucine from the circulating blood to the retina across the inner blood-retinal barrier. Disulfide-linked heterodimer of a glycosylated heavy chain and a non-glycosylated light chain (SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SLCA7A7, SLC7A8, SLC7A10 or SLCA7A11). Colocalizes with cadherins. Interacts with FAM57A and ICAM1. Constitutively and specifically associates with beta-1 integrins (alpha-2/beta-1, alpha-3/beta-1, alpha-5/beta-1 and alpha-6/beta-1), but minimally with alpha-4/beta-1. Expression is induced in resting peripheral blood T- lymphocytes following PHA stimulation. Expression increases at the time of maximal DNA synthesi, in fibroblasts stimulated to divide. Expression and the uptake of leucine is stimulated in mononuclear, cytotrophoblast-like choriocarcinoma cells by combined treatment with PMA and calcium ionophore. Expressed ubiquitously in all tissues tested with highest levels detected in kidney, placenta and testis and weakest level in thymus. During gestation, expression in the placenta was significantly stronger at full-term than at the mid- trimester stage. Belongs to the SLC3A transporter family. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Transporter; Membrane protein, integral

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q13

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; cell surface; membrane; apical plasma membrane; cytoplasm; integral to membrane; melanosome; plasma membrane; nucleus

Molecular Function: cation binding; protein binding; neutral amino acid transmembrane transporter activity; double-stranded RNA binding; catalytic activity; calcium:sodium antiporter activity

Biological Process: response to exogenous dsRNA; amino acid transport; calcium ion transport; carbohydrate metabolic process; ion transport; blood coagulation; cell growth; transmembrane transport; leukocyte migration; tryptophan transport