Cros Oncogene 1, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (ROS1) Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

This proto-oncogene, highly-expressed in a variety of tumor cell lines, belongs to the sevenless subfamily of tyrosine kinase insulin receptor genes. The protein encoded by this gene is a type I integral membrane protein with tyrosine kinase activity. The protein may function as a growth or differentiation factor receptor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ROS: a proto-oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase whose expression is tightly restricted during development. Normally expressed in adult murine and human epithelial cells of the epididymis. Transgenic mice lacking the c-ros gene are infertile. Ectopic expression of c-Ros has been reported in meningiomas and astrocytomas. Is up-regulated in human glioma: 30% of malignant glioma tumors are ROS positive. An oncogenic fusion protein between PIST (aka FIG) and ROS, resulting from an intra-chromosomal homozygous deletion of 240 kilobases on 6q21, is found in glioblastoma multiform. PIST (aka FIG) is a peripheral membrane protein associated with the Golgi apparatus. Unlike other fusion RTK oncogenes, the mechanism of activation of PIST-ROS does not appear to be dimerization: the PIST-ROS fusion protein appears to be monomeric in vivo. Rather, activation of the fused ROS kinase appears to depend upon translocation to the golgi apparatus: deletion of 2nd coiled-coil region of PIST, crucial for Golgi localization, appears to eliminate the transformation capacity of PIST-ROS. c-ROS may also be activated epigenetically, suggesting caution when using 5-aza-dC for treating glioma.

Protein type: Kinase, protein; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); Oncoprotein; EC 2.7.10.1; Protein kinase, TK; Membrane protein, integral; TK group; Sev family

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 6q22

Cellular Component: membrane; integral to membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; protein-tyrosine kinase activity; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; protein phosphatase binding; ATP binding

Biological Process: cell proliferation; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; spermatogenesis; cell growth; cell differentiation; columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development; protein amino acid phosphorylation; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; regulation of TOR signaling pathway