COLLAGEN IV (COL4A1) Antibody – Goat Polyclonal

This gene encodes a type IV collagen alpha protein. Type IV collagen proteins are integral components of basement membranes. This gene shares a bidirectional promoter with a paralogous gene on the opposite strand. The protein consists of an amino-terminal 7S domain, a triple-helix forming collagenous domain, and a carboxy-terminal non-collagenous domain. It functions as part of a heterotrimer and interacts with other extracellular matrix components such as perlecans, proteoglycans, and laminins. In addition, proteolytic cleavage of the non-collagenous carboxy-terminal domain results in a biologically active fragment known as arresten, which has anti-angiogenic and tumor suppressor properties. Mutations in this gene cause porencephaly, cerebrovascular disease, and renal and muscular defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]

COL4A1: Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen. Defects in COL4A1 are a cause of brain small vessel disease with hemorrhage (BSVDH). Brain small vessel diseases underlie 20 to 30 percent of ischemic strokes and a larger proportion of intracerebral hemorrhages. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. Defects in COL4A1 are the cause of hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy aneurysms and muscle cramps (HANAC). The clinical renal manifestations include hematuria and bilateral large cysts. Histologic analysis revealed complex basement membrane defects in kidney and skin. The systemic angiopathy appears to affect both small vessels and large arteries. Defects in COL4A1 are a cause of familial porencephaly (POREN1). Porencephaly is a term used for any cavitation or cerebrospinal fluid-filled cyst in the brain. Porencephaly type 1 is usually unilateral and results from focal destructive lesions such as fetal vascular occlusion or birth trauma. Type 2, or schizencephalic porencephaly, is usually symmetric and represents a primary defect or arrest in the development of the cerebral ventricles. Belongs to the type IV collagen family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Extracellular matrix; Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 13q34

Cellular Component: extracellular matrix; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; collagen type IV; extracellular region; basement membrane

Molecular Function: protein binding; extracellular matrix structural constituent; platelet-derived growth factor binding; extracellular matrix constituent conferring elasticity

Biological Process: patterning of blood vessels; extracellular matrix disassembly; collagen catabolic process; receptor-mediated endocytosis; axon guidance; extracellular matrix organization and biogenesis; epithelial cell differentiation; blood vessel morphogenesis; brain development; neuromuscular junction development

Disease: Porencephaly 1; Brain Small Vessel Disease With Or Without Ocular Anomalies; Angiopathy, Hereditary, With Nephropathy, Aneurysms, And Muscle Cramps; Hemorrhage, Intracerebral, Susceptibility To; Retinal Arteries, Tortuosity Of