CAD Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides is required for mammalian cells to proliferate. This gene encodes a trifunctional protein which is associated with the enzymatic activities of the first 3 enzymes in the 6-step pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis: carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS II), aspartate transcarbamoylase, and dihydroorotase. This protein is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which indicates a direct link between activation of the MAPK cascade and de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CAD: a multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes four enzymatic activities of the pyrimidine pathway, including the rate-limiting first step. The four enzymatic activities involved in de novo pyrimidine synthesis are glutamine amidotransferase, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, and dihydroorotase activities. Provides essential precursors for DNA synthesis. Required for the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and cell growth. Phosphorylation by p70S6K promotes CAD oligomerization, stimulating de novo synthesis of pyrimidines and progression through S phase in mammalian cells. Utilizes glutamine, bicarbonate, and aspartic acid to form a pyrimidine ring that is subsequently attached to ribose to generate a pyrimidine.

Protein type: Amino Acid Metabolism - alanine, aspartate and glutamate; EC 3.5.2.3; Nucleotide Metabolism - pyrimidine; EC 6.3.5.5; Hydrolase; Ligase; EC 2.1.3.2; Transferase

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p22-p21

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; protein complex; nuclear matrix; cell projection; membrane; cell soma; plasma membrane; terminal button; nucleus; cytosol

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia) activity; enzyme binding; carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity; zinc ion binding; aspartate carbamoyltransferase activity; ATP binding; protein kinase activity; dihydroorotase activity

Biological Process: lactation; organ regeneration; arginine biosynthetic process; nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process; UTP biosynthetic process; heart development; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; glutamine metabolic process; female pregnancy; response to testosterone stimulus; liver development; response to caffeine; 'de novo' pyrimidine base biosynthetic process; response to cortisol stimulus; pyrimidine base metabolic process; glutamine catabolic process; pyrimidine nucleoside biosynthetic process; drug metabolic process; response to amine stimulus; urea cycle

Disease: Congenital Disorder Of Glycosylation, Type Iz