AR Antibody – Rabbit Polyclonal

The androgen receptor gene is more than 90 kb long and codes for a protein that has 3 major functional domains: the N-terminal domain, DNA-binding domain, and androgen-binding domain. The protein functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. This gene contains 2 polymorphic trinucleotide repeat segments that encode polyglutamine and polyglycine tracts in the N-terminal transactivation domain of its protein. Expansion of the polyglutamine tract causes spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease). Mutations in this gene are also associated with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS). Two alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AR: a nuclear hormone receptor and transcription factor. Regulates gene expression and affects cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Two splice-variant isoforms have been described.

Protein type: Transcription factor; DNA-binding; Nuclear receptor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xq12

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; protein complex; cytoplasm; nuclear chromatin; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein dimerization activity; androgen receptor activity; protein binding; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity; enzyme binding; DNA binding; zinc ion binding; androgen binding; beta-catenin binding; chromatin binding; transcription factor activity; transcription factor binding; receptor binding

Biological Process: prostate gland development; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; intracellular receptor-mediated signaling pathway; transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; signal transduction; protein oligomerization; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; negative regulation of integrin biosynthetic process; cell proliferation; cell-cell signaling; transport; androgen receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; gene expression; steroid hormone mediated signaling; positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process; cell growth; sex differentiation; positive regulation of phosphorylation

Disease: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome; Prostate Cancer; Hypospadias 1, X-linked; Androgen Insensitivity, Partial; Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, X-linked 1