Alpha-Crystallin B Chain (CRYAB) ELISA Kit for Pigeon

Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families. Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family. They act as molecular chaperones although they do not renature proteins and release them in the fashion of a true chaperone; instead they hold them in large soluble aggregates. Post-translational modifications decrease the ability to chaperone. These heterogeneous aggregates consist of 30-40 subunits; the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Two additional functions of alpha crystallins are an autokinase activity and participation in the intracellular architecture. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Alpha-A and alpha-B gene products are differentially expressed; alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is expressed widely in many tissues and organs. Elevated expression of alpha-B crystallin occurs in many neurological diseases; a missense mutation cosegregated in a family with a desmin-related myopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

CRYAB: a major structural protein of the eye lens. A member of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. Alpha-B is expressed in the lens as well as other tissues. Elevated expression of alpha-B crystallin occurs in many neurological diseases; a missense mutation cosegregated in a family with a desmin-related myopathy.

Protein type: Chaperone; Heat shock protein

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 11q23.1

Cellular Component: actin filament bundle; axon; cell surface; cytoplasm; cytosol; dendritic spine; extracellular exosome; Golgi apparatus; M band; microtubule cytoskeleton; mitochondrion; myelin sheath; nucleoplasm; nucleus; perikaryon; postsynaptic density; Z disc

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; metal ion binding; microtubule binding; protein binding; protein complex binding; protein homodimerization activity; structural constituent of eye lens; unfolded protein binding

Biological Process: aging; cellular response to gamma radiation; lens development in camera-type eye; microtubule polymerization or depolymerization; muscle contraction; muscle organ development; negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation; negative regulation of apoptosis; negative regulation of cell growth; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; negative regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of intracellular transport; negative regulation of protein homooligomerization; negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process; protein folding; protein homooligomerization; protein stabilization; regulation of cell death; regulation of cellular response to heat; response to estradiol; response to hydrogen peroxide; response to hypoxia; stress-activated MAPK cascade; tubulin folding

Disease: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 1ii; Cataract 16, Multiple Types; Myopathy, Myofibrillar, 2; Myopathy, Myofibrillar, Fatal Infantile Hypertonic, Alpha-b Crystallin-related