Glypican 1 (GPC1) ELISA Kit for Human

Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans are composed of a membrane-associated protein core substituted with a variable number of heparan sulfate chains. Members of the glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycan family (GRIPS) contain a core protein anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol linkage. These proteins may play a role in the control of cell division and growth regulation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GPC1: Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Binds, via the heparan sulfate side chains, alpha-4 (V) collagen and participates in Schwann cell myelination. May act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. Required for proper skeletal muscle differentiation by sequestering FGF2 in lipid rafts preventing its binding to receptors (FGFRs) and inhibiting the FGF-mediated signaling. Associates (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with fibrillar APP-beta amyloid peptides in primitive and classic amyloid plaques and may be involved in the deposition of these senile plaques in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Misprocessing of GPC1 is found in fibroblasts of patients with Niemann-Pick Type C1 disease. This is due to the defective deaminative degradation of heparan sulfate chains. Belongs to the glypican family.

Protein type: Extracellular matrix; Membrane protein, GPI anchor; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q37.3

Cellular Component: cytosol; endosome; extracellular matrix; extracellular space; Golgi lumen; integral component of plasma membrane; lysosomal lumen; membrane raft; nucleoplasm; plasma membrane; proteinaceous extracellular matrix

Molecular Function: copper ion binding; fibroblast growth factor binding; heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding; laminin binding

Biological Process: axon guidance; glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process; glycosaminoglycan catabolic process; glycosaminoglycan metabolic process; heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process; leukocyte migration; myelin formation; negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; retinoid metabolic process; Schwann cell differentiation