Niemann-Pick C1-Like Protein 1 ELISA Kit for Human

The protein encoded by this gene is a multi-pass membrane protein. It contains a conserved N-terminal Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) domain and a putative sterol-sensing domain (SSD) which includes a YQRL motif functioning as a plasma membrane to trans-Golgi network transport signal in other proteins. This protein takes up free cholesterol into cells through vesicular endocytosis and plays a critical role in the absorption of intestinal cholesterol. It also has the ability to transport alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). The drug ezetimibe targets this protein and inhibits the absorption of intestinal cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol. In addition, this protein may play a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism. Polymorphic variations in this gene are associated with plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

NPC1L1: Play a major role in cholesterol homeostasis. Is critical for the uptake of cholesterol across the plasma membrane of the intestinal enterocyte. Is the direct molecular target of ezetimibe, a drug that inhibits cholesterol absorbtion. Lack of activity leads to multiple lipid transport defects. The protein may have a function in the transport of multiple lipids and their homeostasis, and may play a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism. Interacts with RAB11A, MYO5B and RAB11FIP2. Interaction with RAB11A, MYO5B and RAB11FIP2 is required for proper transport to the plasma membrane upon cholesterol depletion. Expression is decreased in Caco-2 cells upon PPARD activation. Widely expressed. Expressed in liver. Also expressed in small intestine, pancreas, kidney, lung, pancreas, spleen, heart, gall bladder, brain, testis, stomach and muscle. Belongs to the patched family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7p13

Cellular Component: apical plasma membrane; brush border membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; integral component of membrane; plasma membrane

Molecular Function: drug binding; myosin V binding; protein binding; Rab GTPase binding

Biological Process: cholesterol biosynthetic process; cholesterol transport; intestinal cholesterol absorption; lipoprotein metabolic process; response to drug