MED12 Antibody – Rabbit

The initiation of transcription is controlled in part by a large protein assembly known as the preinitiation complex. A component of this preinitiation complex is a 1.2 MDa protein aggregate called Mediator. This Mediator component binds with a CDK8 subcomplex which contains the protein encoded by this gene, mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12), along with MED13, CDK8 kinase, and cyclin C. The CDK8 subcomplex modulates Mediator-polymerase II interactions and thereby regulates transcription initiation and reinitation rates. The MED12 protein is essential for activating CDK8 kinase. Defects in this gene cause X-linked Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome, also known as FG syndrome, and Lujan-Fryns syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

MED12: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. This subunit may specifically regulate transcription of targets of the Wnt signaling pathway and SHH signaling pathway. Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Also interacts with CTNNB1 and GLI3. Ubiquitous. Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 12 family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.

Protein type: Transcription, coactivator/corepressor; Nuclear receptor co-regulator

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xq13

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; centrosome; membrane; nucleolus; Srb-mediator complex; nucleus

Molecular Function: protein C-terminus binding; protein domain specific binding; protein binding; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity; vitamin D receptor binding; transcription coactivator activity; beta-catenin binding; transcription cofactor activity; thyroid hormone receptor binding; chromatin binding; receptor activity

Biological Process: steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; Schwann cell development; negative regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway; Wnt receptor signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; heart development; stem cell maintenance; Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin; androgen receptor signaling pathway; neural tube closure; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; gene expression; oligodendrocyte development

Disease: Ohdo Syndrome, X-linked; Opitz-kaveggia Syndrome; Lujan-fryns Syndrome