ATRX Antibody – Mouse Monoclonal

The protein encoded by this gene contains an ATPase/helicase domain, and thus it belongs to the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodeling proteins. This protein is found to undergo cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation, which regulates its nuclear matrix and chromatin association, and suggests its involvement in the gene regulation at interphase and chromosomal segregation in mitosis. Mutations in this gene are associated with an X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) syndrome most often accompanied by alpha-thalassemia (ATRX) syndrome. These mutations have been shown to cause diverse changes in the pattern of DNA methylation, which may provide a link between chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and gene expression in developmental processes. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

ATRX: a global transcriptional regulator. Belongs to the SNF2 family of proteins, many of which modify gene expression via chromatin remodeling activity. Involved in the developmental silencing of imprinted genes in the brain. Contains one PxVxL motif, which is required for interaction with chromoshadow domains. This motif requires additional residues at -7, -6, +4 and +5 relative to the central V which contact the chromoshadow domain. Constitutive mutations in ATRX are associated with brain, facial, and genital abnormalities, and alpha thalassemia. Acquired mutations in ATRX have been observed in preleukemic conditions. Six alternatively spliced human isoforms have been described.

Protein type: DNA repair, damage; EC 3.6.4.12; Helicase; Ubiquitin conjugating system

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: Xq21.1

Cellular Component: centric heterochromatin; nuclear chromosome, telomeric region; nuclear heterochromatin; nucleus; PML body

Molecular Function: chromatin binding; DNA helicase activity; DNA translocase activity; helicase activity; histone binding; methylated histone residue binding; protein binding

Biological Process: chromatin remodeling; DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; DNA methylation; DNA recombination; DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly; nucleosome assembly; positive regulation of telomere maintenance; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; replication fork processing

Disease: Alpha-thalassemia Myelodysplasia Syndrome; Alpha-thalassemia/mental Retardation Syndrome, X-linked; Mental Retardation-hypotonic Facies Syndrome, X-linked, 1