Apolipoprotein CIII (Apociii) (APO CIII) Ultra Pure Human Protein

Apolipoprotein C-III is a very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) protein. APOC3 inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase; it is thought to delay catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles. The APOA1, APOC3 and APOA4 genes are closely linked in both rat and human genomes. The A-I and A-IV genes are transcribed from the same strand, while the A-1 and C-III genes are convergently transcribed. An increase in apoC-III levels induces the development of hypertriglyceridemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Function: Inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase and decreases the uptake of lymph chylomicrons by hepatic cells. This suggests that it delays the catabolism of triglyceride-rich particles.

Subcellular location: Secreted.

Tissue specificity: Constitutes 50% of the protein fraction of VLDL and 2% of that of HDL. Synthesized predominantly in liver and to a lesser degree in intestine.

Post-translational modification: The most abundant glycoforms are characterized by an O-linked disaccharide galactose linked to N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal-GalNAc), further modified with up to 3 sialic acid residues. Less abundant glycoforms are characterized by more complex and fucosylated glycan moieties. O-glycosylated on Thr-94 with a core 1 or possibly core 8 glycan. Ref.11 Ref.12

Involvement in disease: Hyperalphalipoproteinemia 2 (HALP2) [MIM:614028]: A condition characterized by high levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and increased HDL cholesterol levels.Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.13

Sequence similarities: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C3 family.